沈植国 白保勋 焦书道 程建明 沈希辉

(河南省林业科学研究院，郑州，450008) (郑州市农林科学研究所) (郑州市城市园林科学研究所) (河南林科园林科技有限公司)



杨树林地处理生活污水生态效应1)

沈植国 白保勋 焦书道 程建明 沈希辉

(河南省林业科学研究院，郑州，450008) (郑州市农林科学研究所) (郑州市城市园林科学研究所) (河南林科园林科技有限公司)

为了研究不同污水水力负荷对不同杨树品种人工林的影响，选择了‘I-72’、‘欧美107’、‘中林2001’与‘中林46’四个杨树品种，分别按照3、6、9、12、15 cm·周-15个水力负荷进行污水处理；测定试验期间各品种地上部分生长量、凋落物量与污染物积累量。结果表明：3～9 cm·周-1水力负荷增加了‘I-72’、‘中林2001’、‘欧美107’的生长量、凋落物量与污染物积累量；水力负荷大于9 cm·周-1时，这3个杨树品种生长量、凋落物量与污染物积累量随着水力负荷增加而降低。在这3个品种中，‘中林2001’ 年生长量与污染物积累量最大，‘欧美107’中等，‘I-72’最低。从杨树生长量与污染物积累量来看，‘中林2001’最适合作为污水处理的植物材料，其次是‘欧美107’、I-72杨，污水处理的适宜水力负荷为6～9 cm·周-1，‘中林46’不适合用于污水处理。

杨树人工林；生活污水；植物修复；土壤养分与钠离子质量分数；生长量；污染物积累量

A wastewater treatment experiment was conducted to estimate effects of different hydraulic loading rates on different poplar varieties plantations. Five different hydraulic loading rates (3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 cm·week-1) were applied to four poplar clones (“72”, “107”, “2001” and “46”) during poplar growing seasons, respectively. Biomass variation, litter fall and contaminant accumulation were determined during the experiment. The suitable hydraulic loadings rate (6-9 cm·week-1) resulted in the increase of growth, litter fall and contaminant accumulation compared to control treatment (no irrigation) except for “46”, and high hydraulic loadings (>9 cm·week-1) caused stress on the four poplar varieties. The variations of biomass and contaminant accumulation during the experiment indicated that the poplar “2001” appeared to be more suitable clone as vegetation filter for domestic wastewater treatment than poplar clone “107” and “72”, whereas “46” was unsuitable.

在中国，随着新型城镇化与城乡居民生活水平的不断提高，生活污水排放量不断增加，使水环境、土壤与农产品受到了污染。近年来，为了解决日益严重的水污染问题，污水土地处理技术快速发展[1，3]。污水土地处理技术建设运营成本低[4-5]，非常适合于中国分散的村镇生活污水处理[6-7]。