周燕琴

睢宁县疾控中心，江苏徐州221200

睢宁县粉尘作业者职业体检结果分析

周燕琴

睢宁县疾控中心，江苏徐州221200

目的研究分析睢宁县2015年1月—2016年6月在岗期间粉尘作业160例工作人员的职业体检结果。方法选取在岗期间粉尘作业160例工作人员，对其按照最新的职业健康监护技术规范（GBZ188-2014）等相关文件来进行体检，观察记录所有人员的体检数据。结果在所有粉尘作业员工中体检发现111人有异常项目，占比约为69.38%，包括心电图异常者约15.63%，血常规异常者约6.25%，尿常规异常者约6.88%，高血压异常者约11.25%，彩超异常者约23.13%，胸片异常者约3.75%；肺功能异常者约2.01%；粉尘作业禁忌证约2.5%。数据间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论粉尘作业者应该定期进行职业健康体检，以便及时发现疑似职业病、职业禁忌证及其他异常症状并按照相关规定妥善处理，这对于粉尘作业人员的健康而言非常重要。

粉尘作业；职业体检；职业病

［Abstract］Objective To research and analyze the occupational physical examination results of 160 cases of on-the-job dust-exposed workers.Methods 160 cases of on-the-job dust-exposed workers were selected，and given physical examination according to the newest related documents such as the occupational health monitoring technical standards（GBZ188-2014），and the physical examination data of all staff were observed and recorded.Results The physical examination of all dust-exposed workers showed that the abnormal projects occurred to 111 cases，accounting for 69.38%or so，including 15.63 percent of electrocardiogram abnormality，6.25 percent of blood routine abnormality，6.88 percent of urine routine abnormality，11.25 percent of hypertension abnormality，23.13 percent of color Doppler abnormality，3.75 percent of chest abnormality，2.01 percent of lung function abnormality，and 2.5 percent of dust contraindication，and there were obvious differences between groups（P＜0.05）.Conclusion The dust-exposed workers should regularly carry out the occupational health physical examination in order to find the suspected occupational disease，occupational contraindication and other abnormal symptoms in time，and give the proper handling according to the related specifications，which is vital to the health of dustexposed workers.

［Key words］Dust-exposed；Occupational physical examination；Occupational disease

尘肺病是目前重点防治的一种职业病和全身性疾病，该病主要是因为工作人员在生产工作之中长期在生产粉尘中呼吸而导致的肺部肺间质组织发生弥漫性纤维化等病变［1］。生产性粉尘主要包括两类，即有机和无机矿物性粉尘，它们均可相应地损害健康的肺部组织，降低其弹性从而影响呼吸功能，甚至严重的时候能造成不可逆的伤残结果。随着工业化的发展进步，粉尘会对越来越多的工作人员造成伤害，但他们却往往没有足够的自护意识，这就更加加重了粉尘对工作人员的伤害程度［2］。……