徐碧钰彭小婉朱 琳

X线与螺旋CT对气道异物的诊断价值比较

徐碧钰1彭小婉1朱 琳2

目的 探讨X线与螺旋CT对气道异物患者的诊断效果。方法 将120例分为两组。对照组（60例）均给予螺旋CT检查，观察组（60例）则给予X线检查，统计两组诊断准确率差异。结果 观察组检出46例，检出率76.7%，对照组检出58例，检出率96.7%，两组检出率对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 螺旋CT检查气道异物患者效果更好，但其同时存在费用较高、辐射较大等缺点，术者可以在X线检查结果不能确定的情况下选用螺旋CT检查。

X线；螺旋CT；气道异物；诊断准确率

【Abstract】

Objective To study the diagnostic value of X-ray and spiral CT in the diagnosis of airway foreign bodies. Methods 120 cases were divided into two groups. The control group（60 cases）were performed spiral CT examination，observation group（60 cases）were given X-ray，statistical diagnosis accuracy rate between the two groups. Results Observation group of 46 cases，the detection rate was 76.7%，58 cases of control group were detected，the detection rate was 96.7%. There were significant differences in the detection rates of the two groups（P＜0.05）. Conclusion Spiral CT has better effect on the patients with airway foreign body，but it also has the disadvantages of high cost and high radiation. The operation may be used in the case of X-ray examination results can not be determined by the use of spiral CT examination.

【Key words】X-ray，Spiral CT，Airway foreign bodies，Diagnostic accuracy

气道异物患者由于外入异物进入咽喉、气管以及支气管等结构，导致患者出现无法讲话、呼吸窘迫、咳嗽乃至不能呼吸等临床症状，即使在头往后仰或者三步法开放气道的情况下依然无法达到正压通气的目的，延迟治疗甚至会对患者生命安全造成威胁［1］。及早诊断并治疗对缓解患者不适症状、确保患者生命安全有重要意义［2］。本次研究将探讨X线与螺旋CT对气道异物患者的诊断效果，现报告如下。

1　资料与方法

1.1临床资料

将120例患者分为两组。观察组（60例）中男32例，女28例，年龄1～40岁，平均（16.6±8.2）岁，本组存在明确异物吸入史20例、无明确异物吸入史40例，出现气道异物感觉直至就诊时间为2 h～2 d，平均（19.2±4.5）h；对照组（60例）中男34例，女26例，年龄1～42岁，平均（16.8±8.1）岁，本组存在明确异物吸入史24例、无明确异物吸入史36例，出现气道异物感觉直至就诊时间为3 h～2 d，平均（19.4±4.5）h。两组临床症状均以喘鸣、阵发性咳嗽、呼吸困难等为主，部分患者存在头痛发热、声音嘶哑等症状。……