高秉珠 吴仲心

临床精神科护士心理健康状况调查分析

高秉珠 吴仲心

目的 调查临床精神科护士的心理健康状态。方法 随机抽取我院79位临床精神科护士作为研究组，另选取一所综合性医院72位护士作为对照组，以自拟一般资料调查问卷表和症状自评量表（SCL-90）为工具进行调查评定和统计学比较分析。结果 SCL-90总分及因子评分结果：临床精神科护士的SCL-90量表总分与全国常模差异无统计学意义，而焦虑、抑郁、强迫因子评分高于全国常模（P＜0.05）；临床精神科护士的SCL-90量表总分与综合性医院护士相比较差异无统计学意义，而焦虑、抑郁、强迫因子评分高于综合性医院护士（P＜0.05）。结论 临床精神科护士可能存在焦虑、抑郁、强迫等心理问题。

临床精神科护士；心理健康；症状自评量表

【Abstract】

Objective To investigate the mental health status of the clinical psychiatric nurses. Methods Randomly selected 79 nurses of the clinical psychiatric department in our hospital as the study group； and selected 72 nurses from a general hospital as the control group. Used ourself-made questionnaire and symptom self rating scale（SCL-90）as the tool，to survey，evaluation and statistically analysis of the two groups. Results There was no significant difference between the total score of the SCL-90 scale of the clinical psychiatric nurse and the national norm. The scores of anxiety，depression and obsessive-compulsive were significantly higher than that of the national norm（P ＜ 0.05）. There was no significant difference between psychiatric nurses and general hospital nurses in the SCL-90 Scale total score，but the scores of anxiety and depression were significantly higher than those of general hospital nurses（P＜0.05）. Conclusion Clinical psychiatric nurses may have psychological problems such as anxiety，depression and compulsion.

【Key words】Clinical psychiatric nurses，Mental health，Symptom self rating scale

护士是一种高应激的职业，护士的心理健康状况不仅影响到自身、家庭生活的质量，也直接关系到护理服务质量。精神科护士不仅要具备综合性医院护士的一般护理技能，还要掌握精神科护理。而精神疾病患者，由于疾病的特殊性，有时需要在封闭式病房接受治疗。由于精神症状的支配突然易发生暴力攻击、伤人毁物或自伤自杀行为，有时可导致严重后果，而且发生行为紊乱的诱因、时间、严重性等都难以预测、不可预见。在护患关系日益紧张的今天，临床精神科护士在一个相对封闭的环境下面对特殊的人群，可能处于紧张、焦虑或恐惧之中，尤其夜班护士。因此，精神科护士成为了“职业暴露”的高危人群［1］，其心理健康水平应受到关注。……