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水通道蛋白4基因敲除对博来霉素诱导小鼠肺纤维化的影响

2016-10-19余舒莹魏尔清

中国医药导报 2016年9期
关键词:博来霉素肺纤维化

余舒莹 魏尔清

[摘要] 目的 觀察水通道蛋白4(AQP4)基因敲除对博莱霉素(BLM)致小鼠肺纤维化过程的影响,初步评价半胱氨酰白三烯受体在此过程的作用。 方法 设AQP4+/+对照组、AQP4+/+ BLM组、AQP4-/-对照组、AQP4-/- BLM组,每组各6只小鼠。每日记录一般情况,第12天处死小鼠,算肺系数及HE、Masson染色观察病理变化,提取蛋白行免疫印迹杂交(Western blotting)检测半胱氨酰白三烯受体1(CysLT1R)、受体2(CysLT2R)的表达。 结果 第12天时,AQP4+/+BLM组小鼠肺系数(14.65±1.92)为AQP4+/+对照组(6.97±1.54)的2.1倍(P < 0.01),AQP4+/+ BLM组的CysLT1 R表达明显高于AQP4+/+对照组(P < 0.05),而CysLT2 R表达稍低于AQP4+/+对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。第12天时,AQP4-/-BLM组小鼠肺系数(10.99±1.66)为AQP4-/-对照组(6.19±2.09)的1.8倍(P < 0.01),AQP4-/- BLM组的CysLT1R、CysLT2R表达与AQP4-/-对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。AQP4-/-BLM组肺系数明显低于AQP4+/+BLM组,差异有高度统计学意义(P < 0.01)。肺组织病理学结果表明AQP4-/-BLM组小鼠炎症细胞浸润及纤维化程度较AQP4+/+BLM组轻。 结论 AQP4基因敲除可减轻博莱霉素诱导的小鼠肺纤维化过程中的肺水肿、肺泡炎,AQP4可能是通过调控CysLT1R参与此过程。

[关键词] 水通道蛋白4;肺纤维化;半胱氨酰白三烯受体;博来霉素

[中图分类号] R332 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2016)03(c)-0043-04

[Abstract] Objective To observe the effects of aquporin-4 and Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor on Bleomycin (BLM) induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Methods The experiment was divided into AQP4+/+ control group, AQP4+/+ BLM group, AQP4-/- control group and AQP4-/- BLM group, with 6 mice in each group. General status of mice were recorded every day, The mice were sacrificed on the 12th day and the pulmonary index was calculated. HE and Masson's staining were administered to observe the pathological changes. The expression of CysLT1 receptor (CysLT1R) and CysLT2 receptor (CysLT2R) were observed by Western blotting. Results At the 12th day, the lung coefficient of AQP4+/+ BLM group (14.65±1.92) was 2.1 times as much as AQP4+/+ control group (6.97±1.54) (P < 0.01), the level of CysLT1 receptor expression in AQP4+/+ BLM group was higher than that in AQP4+/+ control group (P < 0.05), CysLT2R expression was slightly lower, but the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). At the 12th day, the lung coefficient of AQP4-/- BLM group (10.99±1.66) was 1.8 times as much as AQP4-/- control group (6.19±2.09) (P < 0.01), CysLT1R and CysLT2R expression in AQP4-/- BLM group was compared with AQP4-/- control group, the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). the lung coefficient of AQP4-/-BLM group was lower than that in AQP4+/+BLM, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Pathological examination results of lung tissues indicated that the effect of reducing alveolar catarrh and pulmonary fibrosis of AQP4-/- BLM group had an advantage over that of AQP4+/+ BLM group. Conclusion AQP4 gene knockout can attenuate the degree of Bleomycin induced pulmonary edema, alveolar inflammation, AQP4 may regulate bleomycin induced lung fibrosis via CysLT1R.

[Key words] Aquporin-4; Pulmonary fibrosis; Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor; Bleomycin

肺纤维化(pulmonary fibrosis,PF)是肺慢性病变的最终阶段,其发病机制并不清楚但可能与急性、持续或反复发生的肺损伤和炎症有关[1-2]。半胱氨酰白三烯(Cysteinyl leukotienes,CysLTs)是重要的炎性介质,主要通过CysLT1类受体(CysLT1R)和CysLT2类受体(CysLT2R)发挥作用[3]。临床研究发现特发性肺纤维化患者的肺匀浆中LTC4和LTB4水平显著增加[4]。使用CysLT1R拮抗剂1~2周后可抑制博莱霉素诱导的小鼠肺纤维化进程[5-6],提示LTs与肺纤维化的发病机制有关。水通道蛋白(aquaporins,AQPs)介导了多种类型细胞的跨膜水转运,而AQP4主要调节气道表面液体与气体湿化过程[7]。研究表明AQP4在慢性阻塞性肺病患者气道中表达越少,气道炎症程度越重[8],提示AQP4在呼吸系统的病理生理作用。但AQP4在肺纤维化形成过程中的影响,及与AQP4功能调节有关的CysLT受体亚型等问题,有待于进一步阐明。由于缺乏特异性的拮抗剂,对AQP4的生理作用及其调节机制仍缺乏深入的了解,水通道基因敲除的动物模型是目前研究AQP4功能的主要手段[9]。……

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