药物洗脱支架置入术后再内皮化的研究进展
2016-10-19艾帅兵王贺司春婴孙丹罗明华关怀敏
艾帅兵 王贺 司春婴 孙丹 罗明华 关怀敏
[摘要] 血管支架尤其是药物洗脱支架的使用很大程度上解决了冠状动脉管腔丢失的问题,然而支架术后仍有10%~20%的患者发生支架内再狭窄,药物洗脱支架的晚期血栓发生率亦呈上升趋势,极大地影响着接受支架置入治疗患者的生存率和生活质量。研究显示支架术后再内皮化延迟与支架内再狭窄及晚期血栓的发生密切相关,而内皮覆盖率是重要的预测指标。因此如何促进血管内皮细胞修复及功能改变,成为当今心内科基础和临床领域的研究热点。现从加速再内皮化的药物、内皮祖细胞相关研究以及基因治疗三方面就血管支架再内皮化的研究进展进行综述。
[关键词] 药物涂层支架;再内皮化;内皮细胞;内皮祖细胞;基因
[中图分类号] R541.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2016)03(c)-0055-04
[Abstract] The use of vascular stent, especially durg-eluting stent has dramatically reduced the luminal losing of coronary artery. However, 10%-20% patients caused in-stent restenosis after stenting, late thrombosis rate of drug-eluting stent showed an upward trend, it influenced the survival rate and life quality of patients under carotid angioplasty and stenting. Researches showed that endothelial progenitor cell was closely to in-stent restenosis and late thrombosis, and endothelial cells coverage was a vital predictor of re-endothelial. As a consequence, how to repair endothelial cells and change function becomes the hot issue of cardiology basic and clinical aspects, this article reviews vascular scaffold re-endothelialization from 3 aspects of endothelial drugs acceleration, research on endothelial progenitor cell and gene therapy.
[Key words] Drug-eluting stent; Re-endothelial; Endothelial cells; Endothelial progenitor cells; Gene
药物洗脱支架(drug eluting-stent,DES)的问世及应用成为介入治疗史上的里程碑事件,DES置入后,包被于支架高分子聚合物表面的抗肿瘤或免疫抑制药物,通过洗脱方式有控制地释放,显著降低支架内再狭窄(in-stent restenosis,ISR)的发生率,其临床应用日益广泛[1]。然而,一項为期2年的冠脉支架置入病例随访研究显示[2],支架术后2年仍有12%的DES组患者支架小梁无完整内皮覆盖,并有微血栓附着和突出的黄色斑块存在,其中85%的患者发生晚期支架内血栓(late stent thrombosis,LST)或支架内再狭窄,其发生率明显高于裸金属支架置入组。因此修复损伤的血管内皮细胞,恢复血管内膜完整性,是预防支架术后不良事件发生的关键因素。……
