社会性别视角下女大学生就业质量的影响因素分析
2016-10-10王慧叶文振
王慧 叶文振
摘要:党的十八届五中全会公报指出,坚持就业优先战略,实施更加积极的就业政策,建立更加公平的市场分配机制,缩小收入差距,提高就业质量,消除就业歧视应作为经济社会发展的优先目标。本文基于福建省五所高校大学生就业问题调查数据,运用社会性别理论深入探讨女大学生就业质量的影响因素及其作用机制。研究发现,劳动力市场依然是以男性体验为规则的领域,以男性为标准的性别文化规范,决定了性别意识对男女大学生就业质量不同的影响强度和向度,也影响了人力资本和社会资本的作用路径,进而导致女大学生的就业质量低于男大学生。
关键词:社会性别理论;女大学生就业质量;性别差异
中图分类号:F2414文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-4149(2016)05-0096-09
DOI:103969/jissn1000-4149201605010
Abstract:The communique of the partys the fifth plenary session of the 18th CPC central committee pointed out that adhere to the strategy of giving priority to employment, to implement a more active employment policy, establish a more equitable distribution of the market mechanism, to narrow the income gap, to improve the quality of employment, to eliminate employment discrimination should be priority targets of the economic and social development. This paper uses the survey data of five college graduates employment problems in Fujian province, and discusses the influencing factors and mechanism of female college graduates employment quality with the theory of social gender. The study found that the labor market is still the male experience rules, the male is the standard norms of gender culture determines the gender consciousness of male and female college graduates employment quality of different impact strength and dimension, also affected the path of human capital and social capital, which led to the quality of employment of female college graduates was lower than that of the male students.
Keywords:social gender theory; female college graduates employment quality; gender difference
就业质量是衡量女性经济地位的一个重要方面,也是市场经济发展和现代文明社会发展的一个根本标志。女大学生是中国女性人才的重要后备力量,其高质量就业不仅对国家经济社会发展意义重大,而且对女性发展也有积极的示范效应。然而,与男大学生相比,女大学生的就业结构还不尽合理,工作契合度不高,职业期望实现难度大,职业发展仍然面临诸多挑战。消除对女大学生的性别歧视,提高女大学生就业质量,缩小就业质量的性别差异,还是一个涉及共享发展的重要任务。
一、文献综述
1.关于就业质量概念的探讨
关于就业质量,目前学界尚没有统一的名称和界定。……
