■ 刘珂欣

低年资护士临床核心能力评价指标研究

■ 刘珂欣①

Delphi法 层次分析法 低年资护士 临床核心能力

目的：构建低年资护士临床核心能力评价指标内容及权重，为低年资护士的考核和任用提供客观、可量化的标准。方法：运用德尔菲法（Delphi）对18名护理专家进行两轮函询后确定低年资护士临床核心能力考评指标体系，并通过层次分析法计算各级指标权重。结果：两轮调查有效回收率分别为85.7%（18/21）和100%（18/18），专家权威系数为0.88。建立了6个一级指标（职业精神、临床实践能力、临床相关能力、评判性思维能力、专业发展能力、个人特质）、23个二级指标和53个三级指标的低年资护士临床核心能力考评指标体系，各级指标和全部指标的协调系数分别为0.563、0.537、0.551和0.544。结论：联合Delphi法和层次分析法确定低年资护士临床核心能力考评指标系统，保证了该评价体系的科学性、实用性和可操作性，可较全面衡量低年资护士的临床核心能力。

【Key words】Delphi method， Analytic Hierarchy Process method， poor experience nurse， clinical core competence

【Abstract】Objectives: To set up weight coefficient for indexes of clinical core competence evaluation system so as to make an objective and quantized system for assessment poor experience nurses. Methods: The level construction tree model was established by a questionnaire survey to 18 specialist based on Delphi method， and the weights of each indicator in three grades and the consistency check of the total sorts were calculated based on analytic hierarch process. Results: The efficient questionnaire occupies 85.7% （18/21） and 100% （18/18） respectively，and the specialist authority coefficient was 0.88. A total of 6 first level indexes included professional spirit， nursing practice， clinical ability，critical thinking， disease information management， professional development ability and personal traits. There were 23 second level of indexes of second and 53 third level of indexes. Coordination coefficients of all levels and overall indexes were respectively 0.563， 0.537， 0.551 and 0.544. Conclusion: Clinical core competence evaluation system of poor experience nurses made by the Delphi method combined with Analytic Hierarchy Process method can give an objective and quantitative standard for poor experience nurse evaluation.

Author's address：Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University， No.569，Xinsi Road， Xi'an， 710038， Shanxi Province， PRC

护士临床核心能力是护理专业人员必须具备的基本能力，它主要包括临床实践操作能力、评判性思维能力、沟通能力和创新能力等内容，具有可迁移性、普遍性、工具性等特点［1-2］。近年来，随着我国医疗卫生事业的发展，医院规模不断扩大，大量低年资护理人员加入到临床工作中。然而，大部分低年资护士由于临床核心能力相对缺乏，很难保证优质护理服务的有效开展，给护理质量和患者安全带来一定隐患［3］。因此，如何科学地培养、考评低年资护士，使其迅速适应高技术、高风险的临床医疗环境，有效提高护理其护理水平，是医院护理管理者要面对的重要课题。……