生防长枝木霉菌株T05生物学特性1)
2016-08-17池玉杰伊洪伟刘雷
池玉杰 伊洪伟 刘雷
(东北林业大学,哈尔滨,150040) (重庆市农业科学院果树研究所) (东北林业大学)
生防长枝木霉菌株T05生物学特性1)
池玉杰伊洪伟刘雷
(东北林业大学,哈尔滨,150040)(重庆市农业科学院果树研究所)(东北林业大学)
研究了长枝木霉(Trichodermalongibrachiatum)菌株T05的生物学特性,包括不同培养条件对菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发的影响。结果表明:T05在PDA、MEA、查彼和基本培养基上都能生长,以在PDA上菌丝生长最快。在PDA上,菌丝生长的温度范围是15~35 ℃,最适温度为25 ℃;pH值为4~10,最适pH=6。在基本培养基上,菌丝生长的最佳碳源是葡萄糖、最佳氮源是蛋白胨、最佳维生素是VB1。分生孢子萌发需要一定的营养,当其分别在PDB、2%蔗糖水和自来水中时,以在PDB中的孢子萌发率最高。在PDB中,分生孢子萌发的温度范围是15~35 ℃,最适温度为25 ℃;接种后8 h就有15%的萌发率,在16~24 h内萌发率为25.33%~46.12%。
长枝木霉;生物防治;生物学特性;菌丝生长;分生孢子萌发
We studied the biological characteristics ofTrichodermalongibrachiatumstrain T05, including the effects of different conditions to hyphae growth and conidia germination. T05 could grow on PDA, MEA, Czapec, and basic culture media, and grew fast on PDA plate. On PDA, the temperature range for hyphae growth was 10 ℃-35 ℃, and the optimal temperature for it was 25 ℃, the pH value for hyphae growth ranged in 4-10, and the optimal pH value was 6. For hyphae growth on basic culture medium, glucose and peptone were the best carbon and nitrogen source, respectively, and Vitamin B1was the best vitamin. The conidia germination needed some nutrients, the germination percentage of conidia in PDB was higher than that in 2% sucrose water and in tap water. In PDB, the temperature range for conidia germination was 15 ℃-35 ℃, and the optimal temperature for it was 25 ℃, the germination percentage of conidia reached 15% at 8 h post inoculation, and 25.33%-46.12% in 16-24 h.
木霉菌(Trichodermaspp.)是一类广泛存在于土壤、根围、叶围、种子和球茎等环境中、并具有重要生防价值的有益丝状真菌[1-2],具有广谱性、适应性强和多机制性的特点。木霉生长速度快、环境友好,并对植物有促生作用,是具有生物农药和生物肥料开发价值的真菌。木霉对多种植物病害都具有良好的生物防治效果[3-4],不同种类的木霉在生物学特性方面差异很大,甚至同种的不同菌株间也有差异[5]。对特定的具有良好生防潜力的菌株进行生物学特性的研究可以了解该菌株生长的适宜条件,生存的极限条件及在不同基质上的生长、产孢能力[6-8],可为进一步研究液态发酵的产孢条件奠定基础。……
