放牧强度对克氏针茅草原土壤微量元素含量的影响
2016-08-16张望张凤杰黄泽行赵丽君王
张望++张凤杰++黄泽行++赵丽君++王丽巧++孙安宁



摘 要:以内蒙古呼伦贝尔的克氏针茅(Stipa krylovii)典型草原作为研究对象,研究放牧强度对草原土壤微量元素含量的影响, 旨在为克氏针茅草原生态系统的保护、恢复及重建提供科学依据。结果表明:该样地土壤中Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn元素的含量普遍低于国内正常水平;同等放牧强度下不同微量元素含量之间的关系为Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu;放牧强度对土壤中Fe、Zn和Mn元素含量的影响比较明显,对铜的影响不明显,Fe元素含量随放牧强度的增加逐渐降低,而锰元素则呈现出相反的变化趋势,即重牧>中牧>轻牧;同等放牧强度下不同微量元素含量之间存在着相关关系。
关键词:土壤 ;微量元素;放牧强度;克氏针茅草原
中图分类号:S155.4 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.08.010
Abstract: Taking Stipa krylovii typical steppe in Hulunbuir of Inner Mongolia as test objects, the effects of different grazing intensities on soil trace elements were studied, aiming to provide scientific basis for protection, restoration and reconstruction of Stipa krylovii. The results showed that the average contents of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in the soils were generally lower than the normal average value in China's soil. The relationship between different trace element contents in the same grazing intensity was Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu. The effect of grazing intensity on Fe, Zn and Mn elements content in soil was obvious, and the effect on copper was not obvious. The Fe content gradually decreased with the increase of grazing intensity, and Mn showed a reverse trend, that is, the heavy grazing > the moderate grazing > the light grazing. There was a correlation between the content of different trace elements in the same grazing intensity.
Key words: soil;trace element;grazing intensity;Stipa krylovii steppe
放牧是人工草地利用的主要方式之一。我国近20年来,由于超载放牧等不合理利用造成的草地退化日益严重,解决资源开发利用与保护资源和环境间的矛盾的关键是,掌握科学合理的放牧强度。在草地生态系统中,土壤-植物-动物系统是一个有机的整体,土壤是维持矿物质循环体系的基础,是矿质营养元素的主要供给者[1]。因此,土壤中各种微量元素的不缺失是保证植物根部正常发育的前提。
全世界土壤因微量元素供应不足造成的植物缺素现象时常发生。近年来,国内外学者在研究放牧强度对土壤中有机碳氮含量[2]、速效养分以及土壤理化性质[3]的影响等方面做了很多工作,但关于放牧强度对微量元素含量的研究尚不多见。笔者针对内……
