黄俊轩++刘艳军++杨静慧++李建科++李雕

摘 要：为了建立北美海棠组培快繁体系，以北美海棠一年生休眠枝条为外植体，经过体外消毒后，将带有腋芽的茎段接种到1/2MS培养基上进行无菌苗的培养，然后剪取带有腋芽的北美海棠无菌苗的茎段接种到含有不同激素浓度的MS培养基上进行再生芽的增殖培养，从中筛选出增殖效果最好的培养基配方组合，之后将再生出的小芽的外植体接种到含有不同激素的伸长生长培养基上进行培养，从中筛选出伸长效果最好的培养基配方，之后待到伸长培养的小苗长到5 cm时，将其从外植体上剪下接种到含有不同生长素的生根培养上进行生根培养，从中筛选出最适的培养基配方。经过不同阶段的培养，试验结果显示：增殖效果最好的培养基配方为MS+1.5 BA+0.5 IAA+30 g·L-1蔗糖；伸长效果最好的培养基为MS+0.5 BA+1.0 IAA+30 g·L-1蔗糖；生根效果最好的为1/2 MS+0. 5 NAA+20 g·L-1蔗糖。本试验结果将会应用在北美海棠优质苗木的快繁及育种研究中。

关键词：培养基；激素；增殖培养；分化

中图分类号：S661.4 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.08.006

Abstract： In order to build the rapid propagation system of American Begonia， the annual dormant branches of American Begonia were taking as explants in this test. After disinfection in vitro， stem segment with axillary bud was inoculated onto the 1/2 MS medium for sterile seedling cultivation. Then the bud stem section of American Begonia was inoculated onto the MS medium containing different concentration hormones for bud multiplication culture， and to screen the best medium formula for proliferation. Then the explants with regenerated buds were inoculated onto the MS medium containing different concentration hormones for buds elongation， and to screen the best medium formula for elongation. When the seedlings for elongation were 5 cm long， they were cut off from the explant and inoculated onto the MS medium containing different concentration auxins for rooting culture， and to screen the best medium formula for rooting. Through the cultivation of different stages， the research results showed that the best culture medium formula for proliferation was MS+1.5 BA+0.5 IAA+30 g·L-1 sucrose. The best medium for elongation was MS+0.5 BA+1.0 IAA+30 g·L-1 sucrose； for the best medium for rooting was 1/2 MS+0.5 NAA+20 g·L-1sucrose. The test results will be applied in American Begonia fast propagation and breeding study.

Key words： medium； hormone； multiplication culture； differentiation

北美海棠，学名North Americart Begonia，为蔷薇科苹果属落叶乔木，它是由美国和加拿大的育种者从自然杂交的海棠中选育出来的，已经在北美种植和推广了几十年，因此被称作北美海棠。北美海棠具有很高的观赏价值，不但其花和果实的色彩丰富，而且许多品种的叶色和枝条亦随着季节的不同呈现出不同的色彩。另外，北美海棠抗性强，耐寒，耐瘠薄，管理容易，观赏效果好。北美海棠现已成为北方气候条件下被广泛应用的一种重要的园林植物。……