结直肠癌高危人群筛查依从性影响因素
2016-08-10蒋玉立
蒋玉立
摘 要 结直肠癌是主要恶性肿瘤之一,近几年的发病率和死亡率都在逐年上升。结直肠癌高危人群筛查是早期诊断结直肠癌的有效方法,但由于人群对筛查的依从性较差,使筛查普及受到限制。本文综述国内外结直肠癌筛查依从性影响因素的研究进展,为制定相应的筛查政策提供建议或干预措施,以提高高危人群结直肠癌筛查的依从性,从而降低结直肠癌患者的死亡率。
关键词 结直肠癌 高危人群 筛查 依从性
中图分类号:R735.3+4 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2016)14-0025-03
Influencing factors of the compliance of screening for colorectal cancer in high risk population
JIANG Yuli
(Yinhang Community Health Service Center of Yangpu District, Shanghai 200438, China)
ABSTRACT Colorectal cancer is one of the main malignant tumors. In recent years, the incidence and mortality rate are increasing year by year. High risk population screening for colorectal cancer is an effective method for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer, But because of population screening compliance is poor, the popularity of screening is limited. This article summarizes the research progress of the influencing factors of the compliance of colorectal cancer screening at home and abroad to provide recommendations or interventions for the development of appropriate screening policies in order to improve the compliance of colorectal cancer screening in high-risk groups so as to reduce the mortality rate of colorectal cancer patients.
KEY WORDS colorectal cancer; high risk population; screening; compliance
结直肠癌是常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,近年来世界范围内结肠癌发病率以2%的速度上升,在欧美发达国家,其发病率和死亡率分别列恶性肿瘤的第4位和第2位[1]。在我国,I期结直肠癌的诊断率仅为5%,超过60%的结直肠癌患者确诊时已处于中晚期[2];结直肠癌患者的发病年龄以40~65岁最多[3]。在国内,结直肠癌发病率以每年4.2%的速度上升[4-5],全国肿瘤数据登记显示,2008年的结直肠癌发病率已达26.89/10万,居所有恶性肿瘤发病的第4位,死亡率为12.83/10万,居恶性肿瘤死亡的第5位。对结直肠癌高危人群进行筛查是目前结直肠癌早期诊断的有效方法,可以提高结直肠癌的诊断率、降低死亡率。然而,有文献报道结直肠癌筛查的依从性令人不满意[6],特别是高危人群对于肠镜的筛查。因此,研究影响结直肠癌筛查依从性的影响因素尤为重要。本文综述国内外结直肠癌筛查依从性影响因素的研究进展,为提高我国居民筛查依从性的策略提供建议。……
