上海某社区2型糖尿病家庭支持现况分析
2016-08-05姚裕忠马晓骏葛幼妹吴帅程伟胡佩
姚裕忠?马晓骏?葛幼妹?吴帅?程伟?胡佩佩

【摘要】 目的 了解社区糖尿病家庭支持与管理现状, 探索基于家庭医生服务的糖尿病“自我-家庭-社区”管理模式。方法 在中心家庭医生管理的3607例糖尿病患者中随机抽取150户进行问卷调查, 分析社区家庭与糖尿病管理现状、家庭支持与血糖控制的关系等。结果 血糖控制好坏与患者病程有关(P<0.05);血糖控制理想组合并慢性病明显少于血糖控制不良组(P<0.05)。血糖控制理想组在认知、饮食、治疗、监测、心理等5个方面均优于血糖控制不良组(P<0.05)。家庭支持良好组的患者除药物治疗外, 在糖尿病认知、饮食控制、规律运动、指标监测、遵医依从性方面都明显优于家庭支持一般组(P<0.05)。家庭支持良好组患者血糖控制、低血糖发生次数、血压控制等方面优于家庭支持一般组(P<0.05)。糖化血红蛋白的监测(3~6个月1次)仅为46例, 占30.7%, 尿微量蛋白监测(1次/6个月)37例, 占24.7%, 眼底检查10例(发病以来), 占6.7%。结论 家庭支持对社区糖尿病综合管理有着积极意义, 但目前的社区糖尿病管理与家庭支持现况不容乐观, 有待引导与宣传。
【关键词】 2型糖尿病;家庭支持;现况分析
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2016.19.207
Present analysis of family support for type 2 diabetes mellitus in a community in Shanghai YAO Yu-zhong, MA Xiao-jun, GE You-mei, et al. Shanghai Hongkou District Tilanqiao Community Health Service Center, Shanghai 200082, China
【Abstract】 Objective To understand current situation of family support and management for diabetes mellitus, and to investigate management model of self-family-community on the basis of family doctor. Methods Questionnaire survey was made for 150 family among 3607 diabetes mellitus ones in central family doctor management. Relationship between community and family management for diabetes mellitus, family support and blood glucose control were analyzed. Results Blood glucose control was correlated with course of disease in patients (P<0.05), and ideal blood glucose control group had obviously less complicated chronic disease than poor blood glucose control group (P<0.05). Ideal blood glucose control group showed better cognition, diet, treatment, monitoring and psychology than poor blood glucose control group (P<0.05). Good family support group showed better diabetes cognition, diet control, regular exercise, index monitoring and medical compliance than general family support group, with exception of drug therapy (P<0.05). Good family support group had better blood glucose control, incidence of hypoglycemia and blood pressure control than general family support group (P<0.05). Monitoring of glycosylated hemoglobin (once in 3~6 months) was made for 46 cases, accounting for 30.7%, monitoring of microalbuminuria (once in 6 months) was made for 37 cases, accounting for 24.7%, and fundus examination (from onset time) was made for 10 cases, accounting for 6.7%. Conclusion Family support contains positive significance for comprehensive management of community diabetes mellitus, however further guidance and promotion is necessary due to present poor condition of community management and family support.
【Key words】 Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Family support; Present analysis
脑卒中(cerebral stroke)又被称之为脑血管意外(cerebral vascular accident, CVA), 是由于脑部血管突然崩裂或者血管阻塞后大脑血供不足所致的一种急性脑血管疾病[1]。随着不良生活习惯及饮食结构影响, 脑卒中的发病率呈现出明显上升态势, 严重影响患者生活质量。卒中单元康复管理模式是由临床物理治疗、康复治疗等模块所共同构成的一种整体康复护理模式, 旨在提高脑卒中患者生活质量及预后[2], 将其应用于脑卒中患者临床护理工作中已经是时代发展的必然趋势。鉴于上述内容, 本次研究围绕卒中单元康复管理模式对脑卒中患者神经功能及肢体功能恢复的影响展开深入分析, 现将结果报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1. 1 一般资料 选取本院2013年5月~2015年8月收治的80例脑卒中患者作为研究对象, 其中男48例, 女32例;年龄45~75岁, 平均年龄(60.5±4.8)岁;临床表现:头痛头晕、恶心呕吐、肢体活动不灵。纳入标准:①经临床诊断确诊为脑卒中者;②意识清醒、病情稳定者;③无肝、肾功能衰竭者。排除标准:①无自主意识或严重意识障碍者;②新发梗死或出血点者;……
