荧光定量PCR技术在肺结核诊断中的应用研究
2016-08-02李才信瞿春燕马元肖
王 霖 王 辉 李才信 瞿春燕 马元肖
荧光定量PCR技术在肺结核诊断中的应用研究
王霖王辉李才信瞿春燕马元肖
【摘要】目的探讨荧光定量PCR技术在肺结核诊断中的应用价值。方法采用浓缩集菌涂片抗酸染色显微镜检查、美国BD960型分枝杆菌培养仪进行结核菌快速培养鉴定、荧光定量PCR结核分枝杆菌检测三种方法同时检测1000例肺结核患者的痰液标本,比较检测结果。结果PCR技术诊断阳性276例,阳性率27.6%(276/1000);结核菌快速培养阳性252例,阳性率25.2%(252/1000);涂片抗酸染色显微镜检查172例,阳性率17.2%(172/1000),结核抗酸菌涂片阳性率低于PCR技术及快速培养法(P<0.05),且荧光定量PCR技术与结核菌诊断金标准快速培养阳性符合率为91.3%(252/276)。结论荧光定量PCR技术检测结核分枝杆菌DNA技术,对结核病进行诊断,与传统的涂片、培养相比较,可提高肺结核诊断的敏感性、特异性和及时性,以期使肺结核患者得到早期诊断及有效治疗。
【关键词】荧光定量;PCR技术;肺结核;诊断;应用
Objective To investigate the value of real-time PCR technique in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods Tuberculosis acid-fast smear examination,culture and identification of TB rapid,quantitative PCR three methods simultaneously detect 1000 cases of tuberculosis patients sputum samples,comparing the detected results.Results PCR diagnostic technique positive 276 cases,the positive rate of 27.6%(276/1000).Rapid TB culture positive 252 cases,the positive rate of 25.2%(252/1000).Tuberculosis acid-fast smear examination 172 cases,the positive rate of 17.2%(172/1000),acid-fast bacilli smear-positive tuberculosis rate was much lower than PCR technique and rapid culture(P<0.05),and quantitative PCR and rapid TB diagnostic gold standard culture positive rate was 91.3%(252/276).Conclusion The fluorescence quantitative PCR detection of tuberculosis DNA technology can improve TB diagnostic sensitivity,specificity and timeliness,so that TB patients receive early diagnosis and effective treatment.
【Key words】Fluorescence quantitative,PCR technology,Tuberculosis,Diagnosis,Application
结核分枝杆菌的实验室检测是结核病诊断和治疗转归确认的重要依据。提高实验室检测能力,促进早诊断、早治疗是有效控制结核病蔓延的必要措施。目前临床以集菌培养和涂片镜检法为主要的实验室检测手段[1]。大量研究表明传统方法的培养周期长、检出率低,难以满足临床需要。荧光定量PCR技术通过用一对结核分枝杆菌特异性引物和一条结核分枝杆菌特异性荧光探针,配以PCR反应液、耐热DNA聚合酶(Taq酶)、四种核苷酸单体(dNTPs)等成分,用PCR体外扩增法检测结核分枝杆菌DNA,是一种重要的基因诊断技术,具有灵敏度高、特异性好、可定量、污染少,易于标准化、耗时短等优点[2]。……
