吴小梅

[摘要] 目的 调查恩平市未婚女性意外妊娠流产后的避孕知识、态度及需求认识的情况，探讨有效的应对措施，减少未婚女性非意愿妊娠流产及重复流产的发生。 方法 收集2005～2014年期间在我站因意外妊娠行流产术的未婚女性2396例，流产后对女性的避孕认知态度、使用避孕措施、流产后避孕需求等情况进行分析。 结果 有效回访的2198例意外妊娠流产的女性对流产后避孕均有较强需求，而实际落实避孕措施的只有1187人，占54%；未落实的有1011人，占46%；流产后不采取避孕措施的人群中，占35%的人存在侥幸心理，12%的人不知如何合理使用避孕方法；正确掌握避孕措施的占17.2%，使用高效避孕方法的占63.0%，不规范使用避孕措施的占82.8%；65%的人期望流产后得到医务人员术后回访指导。 结果 未婚女性意外妊娠流产及重复流产发生率高，流产后避孕知识缺乏，性安全保护意识薄弱，希望未婚女性意外妊娠流产及流产后避孕需求的问题在社会引起广泛的关注及重视。

[关键词] 未婚女性；意外妊娠；流产术；流产后避孕

[中图分类号] R714.21 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2016）03（a）-0158-04

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the situation of contraceptive knowledge，attitude，and understanding of the needs after abortion due to unintended pregnancy in unmarried women in Enping city and probe into the effective countermeasures in order to reduce the occurrence of abortion due to unwanted pregnancy and repeated abortion in unmarried women. Methods From 2005 to 2014，there were 2396 unmarried women undergone abortion due to unintended pregnancy in our service outlet were collected. The cognitive attitude to contraception and measures to take contraception as well as contraception demand after abortion were analyzed. Results Effective follow-up visits in 2198 out of 2396 participants all had strong demands for contraception after abortion，but only 1187 unmarried women would had taken contraception accounting for 54% or so，the rest ones didn′t take measures （1011 cases，about 46%）.Among these unmarried women without contraception after abortion，fluke mind was about 35%，and no idea of how to reasonably take contraception was 12%.There was 17.2% who could correctly know how to take contraception，63.0% who took efficient contraception，and 82.8% who took contraception lack of standardization.There were 65% unmarried women who were willing to obtain effective contraceptive guidance from medical staff. Conclusion The incidences of abortion due to unintended pregnancy and repeated abortion are high in unmarried women. Problems of lack of contraceptive knowledge and poor protective awareness in sexual safety are existed. It is hoped that demand for contraception after abortion due to unintended pregnancy in unmarried women can give rise to extensive attention and concern in society.

[Key words] Unmarried women；Unintended pregnancy；Abortion；Contraception after abortion

隨着社会的开放、经济的发展及性观念的改变，作为中国特有的“新生代”群体全面进入社会就业，因社会经验不足，文化教育水平低，婚前发生性行为的现象较为普遍，广大未婚女青年性安全保护意识薄弱，导致青少年非意愿妊娠和人工流产的人数增加[1]。相关报道显示，未婚女性意外妊娠流产率为49.7%[2]，流产后避孕知识认识不足、重复流产、流产后并发症、继发不孕等问题严重影响未婚女性的生殖健康。……