戴昕

[摘要] 目的 探讨胶原基纳米骨材料（nHAC）在颌骨组织内的降解速率和骨修复作用，评价其生物学性能，为将此材料引入颌骨缺损修复中提供实验依据。 方法 18只SD大鼠于下颌骨内制备骨缺损，随机选取一侧放入nHAC（实验组），另一侧为空白对照组。术后分别于第4、8、16周处死6只取样，观察材料的降解与骨缺损修复情况。 结果 8周时植入颌骨内的材料的体积外形均出现明显变化，16周时材料体积进一步减小，骨腔进一步缩小，但未完全愈合。组织学观察显示：植入nHAC的实验组8周时出现明显降解，材料空隙内有血管及新生骨组织长入，至16周时有新生骨小梁长入材料降解后所形成的空隙之中；空白对照组无明显骨修复。 结论 nHAC有助于骨缺损的修复，在观察期内材料可降解，材料降解后为新生骨组织所替代。

[关键词] 胶原基纳米骨材料；生物相容性；体内降解；骨再生

[中图分类号] R783 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2016）03（a）-0008-04

[Abstract] Objective To explore the degradation rate and bone repair effect of collagen nano bone material （nHAC） and evaluate its biological performance to provide experiment basis for the clinical application of nHAC in jaw defect reconstruction. Methods 18 SD mice were produced bone defects in lower jaw and were randomly selected one sideway into nHAC，the other sideway into control group.After operation，6 mice were respectively executed at 4，8，16 weeks.The degradation of material and repair situation of bone defect were observed. Results The volume and shape of implant materials in the jaw appeared obvious changes at 8 weeks and the volume and bone cavity further decreased at 16 weeks，but not completely healed.Histological observation： implantation nHAC group appeared obvious degradation at 8 weeks.Vascular and new bone tissue grew into material gap，and newly formed trabeculae grew into gap that informed after material degradation at 16 weeks.There were no obvious repair in control group. Conclusion This study has confirmed that nHAC is good for repair of bone repair.The material can degrade during observation term and can be replaced by new bone tissue.

[Key words] nHAC；Biocompatible；Degrade in the body；Bone regeneration

飞速发展的组织工程学通过构建出具有良好生物功能的组织替代物，并将其广泛用于修复和重建受损组织，恢复和改善机体功能中。骨组织工程学普遍使用支架扮演模板的角色，因此恰当地设计人工骨支架，使其立体结构类似人类骨质的三维结构，有利于细胞在其上粘附生长。目前，可生物降解的支架材料由于其能在体内生物降解，且产物无毒已被广泛应用于组织工程支架材料的研究。骨组织工程支架材料的生物学行为是影响其临床应用的主要因素，材料的孔径形状、大小、孔隙率及其组成成分均可影响其生物降解性与骨传导性。……