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优化碳青霉烯给药方案对严重脓毒症患者预后的影响

2016-07-11李明艳赖军华

中国当代医药 2016年7期

李明艳 赖军华

[摘要] 目的 探讨延长碳青霉烯类药物输注时间的给药方案对严重脓毒症患者预后的影响。 方法 选取2013年10月~2015年10月本院ICU使用碳青霉烯类药物治疗的78例严重脓毒症患者作为研究对象,按照输注方式的不同分为EI组(38例)和TI组(40例)。EI组采用微泵输注3 h,TI组采用传统的0.5 h短时间间断输注。比较两组用药72 h后的CRP变化值(ΔCRP)、用药后14 d死亡率、ICU停留时间及抗菌药物使用天数。 结果 EI组用药后72 h的CRP下降值显著高于TI组,抗菌药物使用天数显著短于TI组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组的用药后14 d死亡率及ICU停留时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 延长输注碳青霉烯类抗菌药物治疗严重脓毒症的效果优于传统输注法,值得临床推广应用。

[关键词] 延长输注;碳青霉烯类;严重脓毒症

[中图分类号] R978.1+1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2016)03(a)-0133-04

[Abstract] Objective To explore the influence of dosage regime prolonging infusion time of carbapenem on the prognosis in patients with severe sepsis. Methods 78 patients with severe sepsis treated with carbapenems in intensive care unit in our hospital from October 2013 to October 2015 were selected and divided into the EI group (38 cases) and the TI group (40 cases) according to the different ways of infusion.The EI group was given micropump infusion for 3 hours,the TI group was given traditional short time (0.5 h) intermittent infusion.The change value of C reactive protein (CRP) after 72-hour medication (ΔCRP),14 days mortality rate after medication,residence time in intensive care unit (ICU) and time of using antibacterial drugs in the two groups was compared. Results The decrease value of CRP in the EI group was higher than that in the TI group,the time of using antibacterial drugs in the EI group was shorter than that in the TI group,with significant difference (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the 14 days mortality rate after medication and residence time in ICU between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Prolonging the infusion time of carbapenems antibiotics in the treatment of severe sepsis is superior to that by traditional infusion,it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

[Key words] Prolonged infusion;Carbapenems;Severe sepsis

隨着人口老龄化、肿瘤发病率上升及侵入性医疗手段的增加,脓毒症的发病率在不断上升,其死亡率>25%。及时、准确、积极的抗感染治疗可以明显改善脓毒症的预后,降低脓毒症相关病死率[1]。脓毒症抗感染治疗应选择能够覆盖所有可能病原菌并能渗透到假定感染组织达到有效治疗浓度的药物[2]。碳青霉烯类药物抗菌谱广,杀菌性强,组织分布广,常被作为严重脓毒症的经验性及多重耐药菌的目标性治疗药物。近年来,不断有文献报道,延长时间依赖性抗菌药物的输注时间可以优化其药动/药效学(PK/PD)参数,提高药效学达标概率[3]。有文献对重症患者延长(3 h)及短时间(0.5 h)输注哌拉西林他唑巴坦和美罗培南进行了PK/PD分析及蒙特卡洛模拟计算,结果显示,相同剂量下,对于MIC=16 μg/ml的病原菌,哌拉西林他唑巴坦3 h输注组的达标率为96%,而0.5 h输注组的达标率为77%;对……

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