苏丽芳 刘静 冯翠菊

[摘要] 目的 对导尿管伴随性尿路感染细菌学检测的样本采集与护理措施进行探析。 方法 选取我院2014年1月～2015年11月收治入院的50例导尿管伴随性尿路感染患者作为研究对象，对患者的尿液样本进行收集，采用随机数字表法将其分为观察组（n=25）与对照组（n=25），观察组患者给予综合性护理，对照组患者给予常规护理，统计分析两组患者的细菌分布与护理效果。 结果 50例研究对象的细菌学检测结果以大肠埃希菌（30%）为主，其次是表皮葡萄球菌、白假丝酵母、粪肠球菌等。观察组患者的护理满意度是92%，对照组是60%，两组患者差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 综合性护理的实施，有利于缩短患者住院时间，促进患者的术后康复，有效控制患者感染的发展，提高临床疗效。

[关键词] 导尿管伴随性尿路感染；细菌学；样本采集；护理

[中图分类号] R37 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2016）03（b）-0193-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the specimen collection and nursing measures of catheter concomitant urinary tract infection bacteriology inspection. Methods 50 catheter concomitant urinary tract infection patients from January 2014 to Novomber 2015 of our hospital were selected by using random number table and were selected as study object.The patients were selected and divided into observation group （n=25） and control group （n=25）.Patients in observation group were given comprehensive nursing and patients in control group were given routine nursing.The bacterial distribution and nursing effects of two groups were counted and analyzed. Results The bacteriology test results of 50 cases were mainly of Escherichia coli （30%），then were Staphylococcus epidermidis，Candida albicans，Enterococcus faecalis.The nursing satisfaction in observation group and control group were respectively 92% and 60%，and the difference was statistical significacne （P<0.05）. Conclusion Conducting comprehensive nursing is helpful to shorten the hospital stay of patients，promote postoperative recovery，effective control the progress of infection and enhance the clinical effects.

[Key words] Catheter concomitant urinary tract infection；Bacteriology；Specimen collection；Bursing

近年来，随着我国医疗水平的不断提高，医源性感染[1]问题受到重视，且发生率较高，主要是受到医用体内植入物的影响[2]。导尿管留置体内会增加导尿管伴随性尿路感染的发生率，在医院感染发生率中占40%左右，属于良性疾病的一种。导尿管伴随性尿路感染在临床治疗中容易被忽略，但导尿管留置群体中，少数患者可出现败血症与菌血症，发生率为2%～4%，一旦出现，极易造成患者死亡，死亡率为13%～30%[3-4]。现阶段我国的抗生素使用较为广泛，导致细菌耐药性大幅度上升，和细菌生物被膜之间的关系较为密切[5-6]。文献资料指出[7]，导尿管留置患者的菌血症发生率为非留置导尿管的5.8倍，随着患者导尿管留置时间的增加，危险性也增加。……