张慧 赵宇华 秦蔚

[摘要] 目的 探讨益生菌用于门诊治疗儿童支气管哮喘的疗效。 方法 选取2014年2月～2015年6月在我院门诊进行治疗的儿童支气管哮喘患儿86例，将其随机分为实验组和对照组。对照组采用抗炎药物、平喘药物和激素等传统的治疗方法；实验组在常规治疗的基础上，给予患儿益生菌口服，剂量为1包/次（1.5 g/次），2次/d，治疗3个月，比较两种方法治疗后患儿临床疗效和复发率。 结果 实验组的显效率（60.5%）明显高于对照组（23.3%），实验组的总有效率（88.4%）明显高于对照组（60.5%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。实验组的复发率（18.60%）明显低于对照组（34.88%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。 结论 益生菌治疗儿童支气管哮喘疗效明显优于传统疗法，且复发率低，值得临床推广应用。

[关键词] 益生菌；儿童；支气管哮喘

[中图分类号] R562.2+5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2016）03（b）-0089-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of probiotics in treating outpatient children with bronchial asthma. Methods 86 outpatient children with bronchial asthma of our hospital from February 2014 to July 2015 were selected and were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.Patients in control group were used traditional treatment included anti-inflammatory drug，asthmatic agents and hormone.Patients in experimental group were used oral administration probiotics，one bag a time（1.5 g a time） and two times a day for 3 months on the basis of control group.Clinical effect and recurrence rate of children patients between two groups were compared. Results The effective rate in experimental group was 60.5%，obvious higher than that was 23.3% in control group；The total effective rate in experimental group was 88.4%，obvious higher than that was 60.5% in control group，and the difference was statistical significance（P<0.05）.The recurrence rate in experimental group was 18.6%，obvious lower than that was 34.88% in control group，and the difference was statistical significance（P<0.01）. Conclusion The effect of probiotics in treating children with bronchial asthma is obvious better than traditional method and with low recurrence rate.It is worth to popularize and application in clinic.

[Key words] Probiotics；Children；Bronchial asthma

儿童支气管哮喘又被称为儿童哮喘病，也是儿童最常见的慢性疾病，我国0～12岁儿童的发病率约为3.12%，约占我国哮喘患者的1/3，患病率和死亡率都很高，且呈逐年上升趋势，如得不到及时有效的治疗，1/3～2/3的患者病症会延续到成年，严重降低患儿的生活质量[1]。益生菌是定植在胃肠道的活细菌，其对过敏性疾病的预防效果是近来研究的热点。益生菌主要通过调节宿主肠道生态系统间接调节宿主的免疫系统，从而达到对过敏性疾病预防和治疗的有益作用，其为健康胃肠道菌群的潜在有益菌的培养基[2]。作为活的微生物，益生菌发挥的作用远超过体内其他的普通营养[3]。益生菌还能加强黏膜屏障，参与蛋白质抗原的降解；通过竞争病原菌的方式促进儿童免疫系统向非抗原免疫方向成熟，达到缓解过敏性疾病症状的目的[4]。……