张艳丽　徐发林　贾天明

【摘要】 目的：为了更好的在儿科推广应用PBL教学方法。方法：以问卷调查形式归纳总结出各种问题并制定相应的对策。结果：165人均认真填写了问卷，其中55人（33.3%）认为PBL教学挺好，不存在问题，剩余的110人（66.7%）认为PBL教学中存在问题，问题归纳如下。（1）47人（28.5%）

认为需要查的资料太多；（2）15人（9.1%）认为病历过于模式化，缺乏悬念；（3）15人（9.1%）认为老师讲的太多；（4）10人（6.1%）认为和大班课差别不大；（5）8人（4.8%）认为对以往大课知识回顾不够；（6）6人（3.6%）不喜欢老师提问的方式；（7）3人（1.8%）认为同学间缺乏团体意识；（8）3人（1.8%）认为每节课讲的内容没时间深入；（9）3人（1.8%）认为缺乏相应的动手能力培养。结论：归纳总结出PBL教学中的各种问题并制定相应的对策，望对提高儿科教学效果有所帮助、做出贡献。

【关键词】 PBL教学； 儿科学； 问题； 对策

中图分类号 R72 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2016）9-0155-02

【Abstract】 Objective：To be better applied of PBL method in pediatrics teaching.Method：A variety of problems were concluded by surveying and their solutions were given.Result：There were 165 people conscientiously fill in the questionnaire in all，there were 55 people（33.3%） thought the PBL method was quite good，the other 110 people（66.7%） thought there were some problems in it.The problems were summarized as follows.（1）47 people（28.5%） thought the data need to be checked were too more.（2）15 people（9.1%） thought that medical record was too model and lack of suspense.（3）15 people（9.1%） thought the teacher who said was too more.（4）10 people（6.1%） thought it had no more different than large class.（5）8 people（4.8%） thought it was insufficient to review on previous knowledge.（6）6 people（3.6%） didnt like the way the teacher asked.（7）3 people（1.8%） thought that lack of awareness among students.（8）3 people（1.8%） thought that each lesson was not a time to talk about the depth of the content.（9）3 people（1.8%） thought lack of corresponding hands-on ability training.Conclusion：To sum up all kinds of problems in PBL teaching and formulate corresponding countermeasures，which is helpful to improve the effect of pediatric teaching to help make contribution.

【Key words】 PBL teaching； Pediatrics； Problems； Countermeasures

First-authors address：The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University，Zhengzhou 450052，China

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2016.9.087

以问题为基础的学习方法（problem-based learning，PBL）教学在国际医学教育中属于一种应用极为广泛的主流教学方法，PBL与LBL（lecture-based learning，LBL）是两种完全不同的学习方法。与LBL相比，PBL是从培养临床医生的角度出发，将基础理论和临床疾病融于一体，锻炼学生以病例诊治为中心的发散思维和横向思维，因此对于提高学生能力以适应未来社会就业和工作的需求意义重大[1]。

PBL教学是以问题为基础的学习方式，是目前国际公认的培养创新型人才的教学方式，PBL教学方法有其科学性和先进性，所以值得我国的医学教育借鉴、研究和应用，但是我国的文化、思维模式、环境、教育、师生知识结构等各方面与国外有较大的差异[2]。……