任可

摘 要：为了拓宽基层农业气象台站的“三农”服务领域，该文结合莱州近几年出现的农业气象灾害及同期YE0-KAL612水质分析仪观测数据，分析了农业气象灾害期间地下水位深度变化。结果表明：冬春持续干旱过程引起地下水位持续下降，人为采水进行大田灌溉导致水位反复变化；夏季强降水过程使地下水位持续升高，且不同强度的降水地下水位表现不同；冬季暴雪过程引起水位变化与地面积雪融化时间基本同步；固态降水较液态降水致地下水位变化滞后；地下水位变化与降水关系密切。

关键词：农业气象灾害；固（液）态降水；降水量；降水强度

中图分类号 P641 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2016）10-0153-03

The Change of Underground Water Level during the Period of Agricultural Meteorological Disaster

Ren Ke

（Laizhou Meteorological Bureau，Laizhou 261400，China）

Abstract：In order to broaden the basic agricultural meteorological stations in the three rural service areas，from the agricultural meteorological disaster in Laizhou in recent years，combined with the observation data during the same period YE0-KAL612 analyzer，the change of the depth of underground water level during the period of agricultural meteorological disasters was analyzed. The results showed continuous winter drought caused underground water level decline，water irrigation field led to the water level changes again；summer strong precipitation kept the underground water level rise continuously，and the different intensity of precipitation showed different underground water level；water level changes were caused by snowstorm winter and snow melting；the change of groundwater level was affected by solid precipitation more than liquid precipitation；the change of groundwater level and precipitation are closely related.

Key words：Agricultural meteorological disasters；Solid（liquid）precipitation；Precipitation；Precipitation intensity

莱州位于渤海莱州湾畔，莱州湾地区是我国海水侵染地下水危害较重的典型区域[1]，因此，开展地下水监测显得尤为必要。山东省气象局于2009年在环渤海沿海的莱州国家气象观测站安装了YE0-KAL 612多参数水质分析仪，测点位于119.95°E、37.18°N，距海最短直线距离约7.5km，水质监测点有较好的代表性。水质分析仪每日实现08：00、20：00 2次数据采集地下水位连续监测。本文结合莱州2009-2013年来出现的干旱、洪涝、雪灾等农业气象灾害[2]，开展同期地下水位深度的变化分析，为今后打造极端天气莱州湾近海生态环境气象预警与监测服务工作奠定基础。

1 资料来源及处理方法

1.1 资料来源 文中所用资料为2009-2013年莱州气象站119.95°E、37.18°N的YE0-KAL612多参数水质分析仪的地下水位监测数据与地面降水观测数据；地下水位以地面为基准；……