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盐提法提取美洲大蠊多糖工艺优化的研究

2016-06-08李晓庆许龙富尧高敏单晓晶罗志文

安徽农学通报 2016年10期

李晓庆 许龙 富尧 高敏 单晓晶 罗志文

摘 要:目的:通过盐提法对美洲大蠊多糖进行提取试验,为进一步开发昆虫药物奠定理论和实验基础。方法:采取盐提法对美洲大蠊多糖进行提取试验,采用单因素试验和正交试验进行工艺优化,用苯酚-硫酸分光法测定多糖含量。结果:实验因素对美洲大蠊多糖含量影响:盐浓度对美洲大蠊多糖影响最大,提取温度对多糖提取影响最小。确定最佳提取工艺为盐浓度为0.05mol/L,提取温度60℃,提取时间2h。结论:影响水溶性多糖提取条件为盐浓度、浸提温度、浸提时间等因素。盐提法提取时间越长,其细胞破碎越完全,多糖含量增高。

关键词:美洲大蠊多糖;盐提法;条件优化;提取工艺

中图分类号 R284 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731(2016)10-0038-03

Study on Process Optimization of Periplaneta americana Polysaccharide Extracted from Salt Extraction

Li Xiaoqing et al.

(College of Life Sciences,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi 154007,China)

Abstract:[Objective]By salt extraction of Polysaccharide from Periplaneta americana,lay a theoretical and experimental basis for the further development of insect drugs. [Method]Through salt extraction of Polysaccharide from Periplaneta americana extract test,using single factor test and factors orthogonal experiment with phenol - sulfuric acid spectrophotometry to determine the content of polysaccharide. [Result]The experimental factors affect on polysaccharide content in Periplaneta americana is:the extraction of salt concentration on the polysaccharide content of Periplaneta americana impact is the biggest,followed by extraction time,extraction temperature on polysaccharide extraction has little effect. The scheme to determine the optimum extraction process for salt concentration of 0.05 mol/L,extraction time 2h,extraction temperature of 60 DEG C. [Objective]The effects of insect water soluble polysaccharide extraction factors include salt concentration,extraction temperature,extraction time. With the increase of salt extraction of Periplaneta americana powder extraction time,samples of the cell disruption may be more completely and the polysaccharide content will increase.

Key words:Periplaneta americana polysaccharide;Salt extraction;Optimization;Extraction technology

美洲大蠊Periplaneta americana L.,为昆虫纲Insecta蜚蠊目Blattaria蜚蠊科Blattidae大蠊属Periplaneta昆虫,俗称蟑螂[1],我国近代多部药学专著和学术文献中也有研究记述,本草专著如《本草纲目》、《新修本草》中均有详细记载[2-3]。从国内美洲大蠊的研究文献记载看,研究重点主要集中在美洲大蠊的种群调查、分布、发生规律及防治;基因表达和致敏作用方面的研究;药用价值开发的研究[4-6]等。国外对美洲大蠊的研究主要集中在基因表达及过敏性检测等领域,包括美洲大蠊的化学成分分析、鉴定、生理功能制等研究[7-9]。目前,有关美洲大蠊的药用开发尚处在初级阶段,现已知所含的生物活性物质也缺少相关研究的佐证以及利用率,在人工饲养、食品、药品开发方面扶持力度也不足,难以普及。……

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