模糊多目标物流方案综合优化模型研究
2016-05-31谭淑蓉田大钢
谭淑蓉+田大钢



摘 要:针对跨国企业在商品、材料等的运输过程中的时间、成本和可靠性等多目标综合化问题,提出了以决策网络计划为基础,以模糊综合评判法理论的“时间—成本—可靠性”多目标物流方案综合优化模型。运用遗传算法对模型求解,在提高效率的同时,增强了模型的实用操作性。最后通过实例分析表明,该模型能有效地解决多途径、多次中转的物流运输问题,可以为企业在运输方案决策方面提供有力的支撑。
关键词:多目标优化;物流;模糊综合评判法;决策网络计划;遗传算法
中图分类号:F253 文献标识码:A
Abstract: For the multinational corporations, there are many objects which should be in consideration, such as time, cost, and reliability, in the process of the transportation of goods, materials and so on. For this problem, a time-cost-security comprehensive optimization model which is on the basis of decision network planning and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, was proposed. Genetic algorithm which was applied to solve the model, can make the model more effective and practical. Finally a case study of transport logistics was given to verify the validity of the model in solving logistics transportation problems which were related to many method and transfer in the process of transportation. The model can be applied to decision-making about transport plan for the enterprises.
Key words: multi-objective optimization; logistics; fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method; decision network planning; genetic algorithm
0 引 言
随着21世纪的到来,电商迅速发展,随之带来了物流企业的蓬勃发展,物流运输问题也备受关注。在物流运输过程中,会涉及很多运输目标。首先,企业希望在规定的时间内,尽快将商品或材料运达,以争取有利的商机。其次,在运输过程中要保证商品或材料的安全性。第三,运输成本能得到有效控制。即企业希望商品或材料能及时、安全并且运输成本最小地运达目的地。目前,关于运输优化问题的研究已有一定的基础,很多学者也提出了有效的优化模型。对其进行分析,主要可分三大类。第一,关于物流配送中心选址问题的研究[1-3],如朱鸿[2]提出了基于不确定需求环境下的配送中心动态选址模型。第二,关于物流运输方单目标优化问题的研究,如成本优化[4],进度优化[5],风险优化[6]等。第三,关于运输问题多目标优化,如过晓方[7]提出了以物流服务满意度、物流运输费用和物流水平为目标的综合化模型。……
