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探讨早产儿母乳喂养强化方法

2016-05-24胡伯乐王宇陈艳

中国实用医药 2016年15期

胡伯乐+王宇+陈艳

【摘要】 目的 对早产儿母乳喂养的强化方法进行研究探讨。方法 84例需要使用母乳强化剂且母乳喂养量占总喂养量50%以上的早产儿, 按照使用母乳强化剂的早晚分为A1组(早强化组, 44例)和A2组(晚强化组, 40例);再按照使用母乳强化剂达到足量的快慢分为B1组(快强化组, 43例)和B2组(慢强化组, 41例)。分别观察比较各组早产儿的住院时间、生长情况、内脏功能运作情况以及并发症发生情况等。结果 A1组与A2组住院时间、体重增长率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05), 且内脏功能运作情况均为良好。B1组与B2组住院时间、体重增长率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05), 且内脏功能运作情况均为良好。A1组与A2组并发症发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B1组与B2组并发症发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 可以尽早对早产儿使用母乳强化剂, 促进营养的吸收, 一般在早产儿的奶量<90 ml/(kg·d)时即可;另外, 在使用母乳强化剂达到足量的快慢上, 应选择尽快完成母乳强化剂的足量强化, 时间最好在从添加母乳强化剂的第1~3天完成。

【关键词】 早产儿;母乳喂养;母乳强化剂

DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2016.15.199

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate breast milk enhancement method for premature infant. Methods A total of 84 premature infant needing breast milk fortifier with breast feeding over 50% were divided by breast milk fortifier implement time into group A1 (early enhancement group, 44 cases) and group A2 (late enhancement group, 40 cases), and they were also divided by enhancement time to sufficient quantity by group B1 (quick enhancement group, 43 cases) and group B2 (slow enhancement group, 41 cases). Hospital stay time, growth condition, visceral function status, and occurred complications were observed and compared. Results There was no statistically significant difference of hospital stay time and weight growth rate between groups A1 and A2 (P>0.05), and they all had good visceral functions. The difference of hospital stay time and weight growth rate between groups B1 and B2 had statistical significance (P<0.05), and they all had good visceral functions. There was no statistically significant difference of complications between groups A1 and A2 (P>0.05), and the difference of complications also had no statistical significance between groups B1 and B2 (P>0.05). Conclusion Early implement of breast milk fortifier for premature infant in premature milk < 90 ml/(kg·d) is preferred, along with fast enhancement in the first to third day of implement.

【Key words】 Premature infant; Breast feeding; Breast milk fortifier

早产儿多是指胎龄<37周出生的新生儿, 早产儿也被称作“未熟儿”, 大部分的早产儿体重<2500 g, 头围<33 cm, 早产儿的身体器官功能和适应能力等都要低于足月出生的婴儿[1]。

因此, 对于早产儿的喂养是非常重要的。针对早产儿的身体特点, 医院采用母乳强化剂来促进早产儿对营养的吸收, 满足早产儿的营养需求[2]。对此, 关于使用母乳强化剂的早晚及达到足量强化的快慢都是需要护理人员注意的, 本文选取84例需要进行母乳喂养强化的早产儿作为观察对象, 探讨早产儿使用母乳强化剂适宜应选择的时间早晚和足量强化的快慢, 具体报告如下。

1 资料与方法

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