拔节期淹水玉米冠层光谱变化特征分析
2016-05-14颜丙囤隋学艳王猛侯学会陈振姚慧敏梁守真
颜丙囤 隋学艳 王猛 侯学会 陈振 姚慧敏 梁守真



摘 要:本研究采用小区模拟试验,以拔节期玉米为研究对象,利用连续灌水模拟洪涝灾害时的淹水条件,调查分析了不同淹水时间对玉米冠层光谱反射率和植被指数的影响。结果表明,随着淹水时间的延长,玉米冠层反射率在565~707 nm红光波段明显增大,在400~480 nm蓝光波段、513~564 nm绿光波段及近红外波段均逐渐降低,尤其在近红外波段,淹水时间与光谱反射率值呈极显著负相关关系;同时,构建比值植被指数、归一化植被指数和差值植被指数对淹水不同时间玉米的长势进行监测,结果显示,淹水初期三种植被指数均迅速升高,后期则呈现明显的水分胁迫状态,均不同程度降低,以差值植被指数表现最明显,可以作为评估玉米洪涝灾害程度的指标。
关键词:玉米;拔节期;涝灾;冠层光谱;植被指数;遥感监测
中图分类号:S127:S513文献标识号:A文章编号:1001-4942(2016)05-0028-03
Abstract Using plot simulation test with the corn at jointing stage as research object, the influences of different flooding times on corn canopy spectrum reflectance and vegetation indexes were analyzed under continuous irrigation imitating flooding condition. The results showed that with the increase of flooding time, the corn canopy spectrum reflectance at red band (565~707 nm) increased, and those at blue band (400~480 nm), green band (513~564 nm) and near red band gradually reduced. Especially at the near red band, the flooding time and spectrum reflectance showed a significantly negative correlation. At the same time, the RVI, NDVI, and DVI were set up to monitor the corn growth situation under different flooding times. At early flooding stage, the three indexes grew rapidly, and then declined in different levels at late flooding stage when the corn went into the water stress state. Among which, the change of DVI was the most obvious which could be used to evaluate corn flooding degree.
Key words Corn; Jointing stage;Flooding; Canopy spectrum; Vegetation index; Remote sensing monitoring
遥感技术具有大面积同步观测性好、时效性强、经济性高等特点,是大范围获取信息的重要技术[1]。农业生产范围广,且需要实时获取作物生长情况和环境信息,并依此制定相应的栽培管理方案,是遥感技术的重要研究与应用领域[2,3]。
洪涝灾害的发生受气象条件的影响,具有突发性和不可重复的特点,其发生时期、程度及地域的不同,对作物生长有着不同的影响[4]。由于缺少系统的灾害发生机理及其对农作物产量和品质等影响的研究,至今洪涝灾害监测、评估技术仍比较落后[5],一般是由气象和农业生产等部门实地调查并简单记录发生情况,发生程度无法量化,记录的空间范围也比较模糊。……
