曹海建 陈红霞

摘要：三维中空夹芯复合材料是一种新型夹芯结构材料，具有轻质、高强、高模、抗冲击、隔音、保温等特性，可广泛用于航空航天、汽车、储油罐、船舶、建筑、能源等领域。本文选取芯材高度分别为 2、4、6 和 8 mm，以及芯材间距分别为 4、6 和 8 mm的两组三维中空夹芯复合材料为样品，测试其平压性能，重点研究芯材高度、芯材间距等结构参数对三维中空夹芯复合材料平压性能的影响，并分析材料的压缩特性及损伤机理。结果表明，三维中空夹芯复合材料受到平压载荷时的破坏模式为明显的脆性破坏，同时，材料破坏形式主要表现为树脂开裂、纤维断裂、界面脱粘等特征。三维中空夹芯复合材料的平压性能随着芯材高度、芯材间距的增加而下降。研究结果将为该材料的结构优化设计和性能分析奠定理论基础。

关键词：三维中空夹芯复合材料；平压性能；芯材高度；芯材间距；破坏模式；压缩特性

中图分类号：TB332 文献标志码：A

The Influence of Structural Parameters on the Flat-compression Property of Three-dimensional Hollow Sandwich Composites

Abstract： Three-dimensional hollow sandwich composites（3D composites）is a group of new sandwichstructure materials， which have been increasingly used in various industries covering aerospace， automobile， oil tank， ship， building and energy for their excellent properties， such as low weight， high strength， high modulus， impact resistance， sound insulation and thermal insulation. Two group of the 3D composites were investigated in terms of flat-compression properties by using Instron 3385H universal testing machine as a function of the z-direction pile height（2， 4， 6 and 8 mm）and pile distance（4， 6 and 8 mm）， and the influence of structural parameters such as pile height and pile density on the 3D composites was mainly studied， and the compression feature and damage mechanism of the 3D composites were analyzed too. The results show that the typical failure mode of the 3D composites is brittle damage when they suffered flatcompression loads， which is mainly reflected in resin fracture， fiber breakage and interface de-bonding. The flat-compression property of the 3D composites decreased with the increase of pile height and pile distance. The results will lay a foundation for further study on the 3D composites designing optimization and property analysis.

Key words： three-dimensional hollow sandwich composite； flat-compression property； pile height； pile distance； failure mode； compressive characterization

三维中空夹芯复合材料是一种新型夹芯结构，主要由100%的E-Glass纤维连续织造而成，其三明治结构通过Z向纤维整体连接织物的上、下两层面。三维中空夹芯复合材料具有优异的整体性能，克服了传统蜂窝、泡沫等夹芯结构易分层、不耐冲击等缺陷，可广泛用于航空航天、轨道交通、船舶、建筑、能源等领域。

近年来，国内外学者对三维中空夹芯复合材料进行了较为全面的研究。Bannister等研究了填充聚氨酯泡沫的三维中空夹芯复合材料力学性能，发现填充后的材料力学性能显著提高；……