王福辰， 王　春， 马明君， 成永旭

(上海海洋大学 淡水水产重点实验室， 上海 201306)



3种不同饵料对越冬后再摄食至第一次蜕壳前中华绒螯蟹幼蟹能量密度和营养积累研究

王福辰， 王春， 马明君， 成永旭

(上海海洋大学 淡水水产重点实验室， 上海 201306)

摘要以3种不同饵料饲喂越冬后再摄食至第一次蜕壳前的中华绒螯蟹幼蟹，测试全个体能量密度、肝胰腺总脂和粗蛋白含量、肌肉总脂和粗蛋白含量。结果显示，个体能量密度呈先上升、后下降的走势，且配合饲料组幼蟹再摄食早期显著高于再摄食前和临近蜕壳前(P<0.05)；临近蜕壳前与再摄食前的能量密度均无显著性差异(P>0.05)；大规格幼蟹的能量密度始终高于小规格幼蟹，差异不显著(P>0.05)；不同饵料组同规格幼蟹的能量密度，玉米组高于鲫鱼肉组和饲料组，且大规格差异显著(P<0.05)。肝胰腺总脂和粗蛋白含量未出现显著性差异(P>0.05)。小规格幼蟹肌肉总脂和粗蛋白均呈显著下降走势(P<0.05)，而大规格幼蟹肌肉总脂无显著变化(P>0.05)，肌肉粗蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05)。

关键词中华绒螯蟹幼蟹;越冬后再摄食;能量密度;营养生化

Studies on energy density and nutrient accumulation in the young Eriocheir sinensis living after the last winter before the first molting in the second year

WANG Fu-chen, WANG Chun, MA Ming-jun, CHENG Yong-xu

( Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture,Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China)

AbstractDifferent body-size young Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheirsinensis), living from the end of the last winter to the beginning of the first molting in the second year, were fed with three different diets, the corn, the crusion carp meat, and the formulated diet. And the energy density of the whole crab, the content of total lipid and crude protein in the hepatopancreas and muscle were determined. The result showed that, the energy density of the whole crab rised firstly, and then declined to the same level with that before feeding. The energy density early in the feeding of formulated diet group was significantly higher than that of the other groups (P<0.05). The energy density of big body-size crabs was higher than that of small body-size, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). And the energy density of the big body-size crab in the group fed with corn was significantly higher than that of the others (P<0.05). The content of total lipid and crude protein in the hepatopancreas in all groups showed no significant differences (P>0.05). The content of both total lipid and crude protein in the muscle of small body-size crabs declined significantly (P<0.05), while the total lipid of big body-size crabs showed no significant differences (P>0.05), but the content of crude protein rised significantly (P<0.05).

KeywordsChinese mitten crabs (Eriocheirsinensis)； refeeding after winter； energy density； biochemical nutrition

中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheirsinensis)俗称河蟹、大闸蟹，属广食性(或杂食性)动物，其食物主要包括动物饵料、植物饵料，以及有机碎屑等。人工养殖中一般投喂的饵料包括野杂鱼、螺蛳、玉米、豆粕及配合饲料等[1]。中华绒螯蟹养殖生产上经常发现因蜕壳失败而死亡的个体，或者蜕壳后个体由于新壳不能及时硬化而死亡的现象，这种现象被称之为蜕皮综合征(MDS)，MDS形成可能与甲壳动物蜕壳前体内的营养物质积累不足或不平衡有关，如脂类、蛋白等营养物质[2]。能量物质是生物体进行生理代谢活动的基本条件，动物获取能量物质的主要途径为摄食，其可利用的能量物质主要有3种，即脂类、蛋白质和碳水化合物。已……