陈秀丽+王强+蔡凤珠+兰莹莹+王少峰

摘 要 目的：评价零食健康教育对小学生零食知信行的影响效果，为改善小学生零食行为提供就科学依据和进一步推广零食健康教育提供循证依据。方法：采取阶段整群随机抽样方法，2014年2-10月抽取川沙地区2所小学，在抽中的学校三年级随机抽取2个班级，一所学校作为干预组（96人），另一所学校作为对照组（92人），对干预组开展为期6个月的营养教育，并对干预效果进行评估。结果：干预后，干预组零食知识知晓率和营养行为较干预前、对照组明显提高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；零食营养态度有所提高。结论：采取针对性强的零食健康教育能有效提高小学生对零食的认识及态度，改善零食行为。

关键词 小学生 零食知识 营养干预 效果评价

中图分类号：R153.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2016）06-0053-04

Assessment of the effect of the snack health education on the pupils in Chuansha Area of Pudong New District

CHEN Xiuli， WANG Qiang， CAI Fengzhu， LAN Yingying， WANG Shaofeng（1.Department of Prevention of Huanglou Community Health Service Center of Pudong New District， Shanghai 201205， China； 2. Sichuanbeilu Community Health Service Center of Hongkou District， Shanghai 200080， China； 3. Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Pudong New District， Shanghai 200136， China；

4. Department of Prevention of Chuansha Peoples Hospital of Pudong New District， Shanghai 201299， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To assess the effect of the snack health education which influenced the knowledge， attitude and behavior of the pupils to provide a scientific base for improving the snack behavior of the pupils and the evidence-based basis for further promoting the snack health education. Methods： By multi-stage cluster random sampling method， two primary schools in Chuansha Area were selected， and two classes in grades three were chosen randomly in them from Feb. to Oct. 2014. One class was taken as an intervention group with 96 pupils， and the other as a control group with 92 ones. The intervention group was intervened with the nutritional education for six months， and its intervention effect was assessed. Results： After the nutritional intervention， the awareness rate of the snack knowledge and nutritional behavior were significantly higher in the intervention group than before the intervention and in the control group， and the differences had the statistical significance （P<0.05）. The attitude of the snack nutrition was improved. Conclusion： The snack health education with strong pertinence can effectively improve the cognition and attitude of the pupils for the snacks and their behavior.

KEY WORDS pupil； snack knowledge； nutritional intervention； effect assessment

零食是指非正餐时间食用的各种少量的食物或饮料（不包括水）[1]。随着生活水平的不断提高，儿童青少年食用零食的比例不断升高，刘爱玲等[2]两次调查发现城市儿童零食消费比例始终在98%以上。且零食食用的质量不高，零食在儿童青少年全天能量和营养素的摄入中占一定的比例[3-4]。零食是合理膳食的组成部分，但不能代替正餐，经常吃不健康的零食会增加儿童肥胖及代谢异常的风险[5]。儿童青少年时期是各种行为习惯和生活方式形成的重要时期，及时获得健康保健知识，可以为将来的健康奠定基础[6]。为了儿童青少年的健康成长，为了正确、合理、适度的消费零食，我们于2014年2-10月对浦东新区川沙地区小学生开展有针对性零食健康教育，评价干预效果，为今后在学校推广零食健康教育提供循证依据。……