·短篇论著·

畲族人群胃食管反流病流行病学研究*

蒋承霖#蔡奇志郑秀金&游柳生阮华良

福建医科大学附属宁德市医院消化内科(352100)

背景：胃食管反流病(GERD)是一种常见疾病，其发病率可能与地理环境和种族有关。目前少数民族GERD流行病学的调查少见。目的：了解宁德市畲族人群中GERD患病率及其危险因素。方法：采用整群随机抽样法抽取宁德市3个畲族自然村，以胃食管反流病问卷(GerdQ)评分≥8分诊断为GERD，采用问卷的形式调查GERD的患病率和危险因素。结果：共936名畲族人完成调查，其中GERD患者89例，患病率9.50%。单因素分析显示，体质指数(BMI)≥24 kg/m2、饮浓茶、油腻饮食人群的GERD患病风险明显升高(P均<0.01)。多因素分析发现，BMI≥24 kg/m2(OR=3.022, 95% CI: 1.917～4.765)、饮浓茶(OR=2.145, 95% CI: 1.338～3.438)、油腻饮食(OR=2.016, 95% CI: 1.208～3.318)为畲族GERD发病的危险因素。结论：福建省畲族人群GERD患病率较高，其发生与超重、饮食习惯密切相关。

关键词畲族；胃食管反流病；流行病学；危险因素

Epidemiologic Study on Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in She Population

JIANGChenglin,CAIQizhi,ZHENGXiujin,YOULiusheng,RUANHualiang.

DepartmentofGastroenterology,NingdeMunicipalHospital,FujianMedicalUniversity,Ningde,FujianProvince(352100)

Correspondence to: ZHENG Xiujin, Email: xiuxiushuzhi@126.com

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disease, its incidence is related to geographic environment and race. Studies reported on epidemiology of GERD in minority groups are rare. Aims: To investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of GERD in She population in Ningde. Methods: Three natural villages of She population in Ningde were selected for undergoing the cluster random sampling method. GERD was diagnosed by gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GerdQ) with score ≥8, and questionnaire was used to detect the prevalence and risk factors of GERD. Results: A total of 936 residents completed the questionnaire, and 89 were diagnosed as GERD, the prevalence was 9.50%. Univariate analysis showed that the risk of GERD was significantly increased in She population with body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m2, intake of strong tea or oily diet (Pall <0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that BMI ≥24 kg/m2(OR=3.022, 95% CI: 1.917-4.765), intake of strong tea (OR=2.145, 95% CI: 1.338-3.438) and oily diet (OR=2.016, 95% CI: 1.208-3.318) were the risk factors of GERD. Conclusions: The prevalence of GERD is high in She population in Fujian Province, and the etiology may be related to overweight and diet habit.

Key wordsShe Nationality;Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease;Epidemiology;Risk Factors

胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease, GERD)为一种常见的消化系统疾病。随着生活水平提高和生活方式改变，我国GERD发病率逐年升高，并逐渐呈现出北方地区发病率更高的趋势[1]。世界各地不同的研究发现，GERD发病随着地理环境分布和种族的不同而不同，症状严重程度、并发症亦有明显差异，这可能与各地饮食习惯、生活方式和不同人种基因有关[2]。

福建是畲族的主要聚居地，宁德市现有畲族人口17万，约占全国畲族的1/4，畲族以宗族关系自然聚集，形成了特殊的生活、生产方式。目前关于少数民族GERD流行病学资料较少，国内尚未见畲族人群GERD的流行病学调查。本研究通过采用流行病学调查方法，旨在了解畲族GERD的发病率及其危险因素。

对象与方法

一、研究对象

采用随机方法……