变一变,书面表达的句式更完美
2016-03-28黎劲松
□黎劲松
变一变,书面表达的句式更完美
□黎劲松
书面表达是各级各类考试中必考题型之一。它主要考查同学们遣词造句、连句成篇的能力。其中,造句的“颜值”直接影响着书面表达的得分。英语的句式讲究变化,在一篇文章中,简单句、复杂句和其他特殊句式要交错运用。单一、简单、重复是写作中的忌讳。因此,写作中要牢记一个字,那就是“变”。
变化一:There be句型变革
There be句型是初中英语的常用句型之一。在介绍某地有某物的时候,大家经常用到它。但是如果连续采用there be句型,文章的句式就显得单调。
1.改be动词为stand,live,lie等相应的实义动词
【例1】There is a tree in front of the house.
→There stands a tree in front of the house.
【例2】There was a river ten years ago.
→There lay a river ten years ago.
2.用其他句式取代there be句型
【例3】There are some students on the p layground.
→Some students are on the playground.
变化二:借助连词,结构更严谨
连词有连接词、短语和句子的功能。恰当运用连词,能使文章更有连贯性、逻辑性。
【例4】Tom is a ten-year-old boy.He loves English very much.
→Tom is a ten-year-old boy,and he loves English very much.
注意:原来是两个简单句。变化后,两个简单句之间的句号变成了逗号,并加有连词and。
【例5】I should do the work.You shouldn't do the work.
→I rather than you,should do the work.两个简单句,通过连词词组rather than合二为一。
【例6】If you work hard,you will get good grades.
→Work hard,and you will get good grades.
原句是个状语从句,从句和主句都有主语you,改变后省掉了从句中的连词if和主语you,在主句中增加了连词and。
变化三:主动变被动,客观又地道
汉语常用主动句式,而英语更重视被动句式。在书面表达中,多用被动句式,既客观,又体现了英语的风味。
【例如7】We should take measures to protect the environment.
→Measures should be taken to protect the environment.
【例如8】We should pay attention to the traffic problems.
→Attention should be paid to the traffic problems.
变化四:简单句变复杂句,大气且明了
汉语句式的特点像一根竹子,一节一节的;英语句式像一串葡萄,主干加分支。这一特点决定了英语句子在外形上有着大气且逻辑性强的特点。
【例9】Tom bought a pen yesterday,but the pen doesn't work well.这是两个简单句。前句中的pen和后句中的pen重复使用,可以把前句变成定语从句。……
