肾素-血管紧张素系统抑制剂对高血压患者脂代谢的改善作用
2016-03-23程军
程军


摘 要 据统计,超过半数的高血压患者合并脂代谢异常,两者并存时,冠心病的发病和死亡风险显著增加。不同降压药物对脂代谢的影响不尽相同。肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)在体内广泛分布,在血压调节、水电解质平衡及糖脂代谢等诸多方面发挥重要作用。RAS抑制剂(RASI)在有效降压的同时,在一定程度上对高血压患者的脂代谢具有改善作用。本文拟从RAS系统与脂代谢的相互作用以及RASI对高血压患者脂代谢的改善作用两个方面进行综述。
关键词 高血压 脂代谢 肾素-血管紧张素系统抑制剂
中图分类号:R972.4; R544.1; R543.5 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2016)03-0035-06
Effect of the inhibitors of renin-angiotensin system on the lipid metabolism of patients with hypertension
CHENG Jun*
(Kidney Disease Center , The First Hospital affiliated to Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China)
ABSTRACT Current data show that over half of hypertensive patients have lipid metabolic abnormalities. Coexistence of hypertension and lipid metabolic abnormality may significantly increase the morbidity and mortality of coronary heart disease. Effects of different kinds of antihypertensive agents on lipid metabolism vary. Renin-angiotensin system (RAS), widely distributed in human body, plays an important role in regulation of blood pressure, water-electrolyte balance as well as glucose and lipid metabolism. RAS inhibitors (RASI) can also improve lipid metabolism in hypertensive patients besides the effective reduction of blood pressure. This article reviews the interaction of RAS system and lipid metabolism and the improvement of lipid metabolism by RASI in hypertensive patients.
KEY WORDS hypertension; lipid metabolism; renin-angiotensin system inhibitors
高血压患者合并脂代谢异常,可表现为总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)升高,而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)降低。CONSIDER研究显示,高血压患者合并脂代谢异常比例为61.5%,在脂代谢异常患者中,50%患有高血压[1]。高血压和脂代谢异常均是重要的心血管危险因素,两者并存时,冠心病的发病和死亡风险明显升高[2-3]。为最大程度减少心血管终点事件风险,应对各种危险因素实施综合管理,当为合并脂代谢异常的高血压患者选择降压药物时,需充分考虑降压药物对脂代谢的影响。
1 RAS激活与脂代谢异常的相互影响
肾素-血管紧张素系统(renin-angiotensin system,RAS)在体内广泛分布,在血压调节、水电解质平衡及糖脂代谢等诸多方面发挥重要作用。RAS激活与胰岛素抵抗及糖脂代谢异常相互作用,促进粥样硬化性疾病的发生和发展。
1.1 胆固醇对RAS的影响
早期……
