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高压共轨双燃料发动机燃烧循环变动试验研究

2016-03-23任立童王洪荣张衡邓鹏毅

汽车工程学报 2015年6期

任立童 王洪荣 张衡 邓鹏毅

摘 要:对双燃料发动机在不同掺烧控制系数下的燃烧变动进行了试验研究。在中等负荷和大负荷下分别调整不同掺烧控制系数改变燃烧特性,对燃料发动机的缸压进行了测量,对比分析了双燃料与纯柴油模式下最大缸压值、IMEPn、燃烧起始角及燃烧持续期、放热率等燃烧性能循环变动的影响。测试数据的分析表明,中等负荷时需要优化选择掺烧的天然气量,以保证发动机性能的稳定;大负荷时可选择较大天然气掺烧量以提高燃油经济性。

关键词:共轨柴油机;双燃料;掺烧控制系数;燃烧性能;循环变动率

中图分类号:U464.173文献标文献标识码:A文献标DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1469.2015.06.09

Abstract:The paper experimentally studied the combustion cyclic variations of a diesel /CNG dual-fuel engine with different blending control coefficients. Under the medium-loading and high loading conditions, different blending control coefficients were respectively adjusted to change the combustion characteristics of the fuel engine. Meanwhile, the cylinder pressure was measured in dual-fuel mode and in pure diesel mode to analyze the influence of the combustion cyclic variations, including the maximum cylinder pressure, IMEPn, the combustion starting angle, the duration of combustion and the heat release rate etc. Test results show that for medium-loading conditions, the amount of blended natural gas needs to be optimized in order to ensure the stability of engine performance; and for high loading conditions, a larger amount of gas mixture can be used to improve fuel economy.

Key words:common rail diesel engine;dual-fuel; blending control coefficient; combustion characte-ristic;coefficient of variation

随着社会经济的发展,环境污染越来越严重,对石油资源的消耗也越来巨大。而我国天然气资源非常丰富,如何有效利用天然气已成为相关学者研究的热点。柴油机因其良好的动力性和经济性,在我国作为汽车和工程机械的动力被广泛应用,柴油机的氮氧化物和碳烟排放比较严重,对生活环境及人体健康危害很大。天然气成分以CH4为主,具有热值高、抗爆性好和着火温度高的特点。而压缩天然气(Compressed Natural Gas,CNG)在发动机进气管内与空气混合时同为气态,与柴油机相比,燃料混合更均匀,燃烧也更完全,因此,天然气发动机可以明显降低有害物质的排放[1]。

采用柴油/天然气双燃料发动机技术,对原柴油机结构改动少、见效快、费用低,发动机动力性、可靠性方面几乎与原机相当,经济性比原柴油机好,还可以大幅降低碳烟颗粒等排放物,节能环保。……

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