丁宣　王哲　尹兆雷　孙晨乐

摘 要：依照直线ISG/发动机系统的设计思路，分别自主开发了直线发动机及直线ISG电机样机，并将两者耦合构建完成了一套直线ISG/发动机系统。同时，基于直线位移传感器测得的活塞瞬时位置开发了直线ISG/发动机控制系统，并利用开发的位置跟踪模式的启动力换向策略进行了系统启动试验。试验结果表明，开发的位置跟踪模式启动力换向控制策略可实现系统活塞组件的运动换向，且直线ISG/发动机系统在启动点火首行程着火成功，着火缸压为1.38 MPa；相对传统启动方式的直线发动机系统，直线ISG/发动机系统启动过程具有启动频率较高、改善首循环混合气加浓、燃烧缸压变动较小、启动平稳的特点。

关键词：直线发动机；直线ISG电机；样机设计；启动性能；换向控制

中图分类号：TK441+.2文献标文献标识码：A文献标DOI：10.3969/j.issn.2095-1469.2015.06.07

Abstract：Based on the design concept of linear ISG/engine system， the linear engine and the linear ISG were developed respectively and then were integrated into a linear ISG/engine system. The linear ISG/engine control system was designed according to the piston position signal and the starting experiment was conducted in which the piston position tracking mode was used for the control of starting force reversing. The results show that the piston motion reversing can be achieved by the control strategy of starting force reversing and the mixture is ignited successfully in the first stroke with the peak cylinder pressure of 1.38 MPa. Compared with the linear engine system using the traditional starting method， the starting process of the linear ISG/engine system has higher starting frequency which can reduce the amount of mixture added into the cylinder in the first ignition cycle and has a lower range of pressure changes in the combustion cylinder which helps to start smoothly.

Key words：linear engine； linear ISG； prototype design； starting performance； reversing control

由直线ISG（Integrated Starter Generator）电机和直线发动机耦合而成的直线ISG/发动机系统作为一种新型的发电装置，具有结构简单、功率密度高、效率高、燃料适应性强等优点[1]，非常适合作为增程器应用于电动汽车上，正受到越来越多国内外研究机构的关注[2-4]。

1998年，美国Sandia国家实验室开发了一种与直线电机有机结合的内燃发电机系统，采用均质充量压燃（Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition，

HCCI）的燃烧方式，具有效率高、质量轻、有害气体排放低、压缩比可变、燃料适应性强等特点[5]。同年，美国西弗吉尼亚大学对点燃式自由活塞直线发电机系统的稳定运行进行了验证，试验测得该系统的最大发电功率为316 W，研究结果表明，较小的动子质量与较高的往复运动速度有利于提高直线发动机的功率密度[6]。……