尉敏琦 诸光花 周热娜 王健 朱鸿雁

摘要：目的 分析上海某区老年高血压患者生存质量与中医体质的关系，为制定适宜可行的社区老年高血压管理方案提供依据。方法 采用多阶段分层抽样的方法，在知情同意和自愿参与的基础上，对808例社区老年高血压患者进行生存质量及中医体质辨识调查。运用统计分析软件，分析受访者的生存质量、中医体质特征及相互关系。结果 被调查的社区老年高血压患者生存质量总体自评在中等及以上者占97.28%，健康自评中等及以上者占91.46%，生存质量各领域得分均处于中等偏上水平。54.70%受访者呈平和体质，偏颇体质以气虚质、阳虚质、阴虚质和痰湿质为主。受访者的体质类型与生存质量存在相关关系，体质状况越趋于平和，生理领域和心理领域的得分也越高，生存质量越好。结论 老年高血压患者的生存质量与体质特征有一定的相关性。辨体调摄，纠正患者体质偏颇的状态，将有助于高血压防治与管理，改善健康水平，提高生存质量。

关键词：高血压；生存质量；中医体质；典型相关分析

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2016.03.008

中图分类号：R259.441 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-5304（2016）03-0027-05

Abstract： Objective To explore the relationship between quality life and TCM constitutions of elderly patients with hypertension in a community in Shanghai； To provide the basis for the suitable and feasible community elderly hypertension management method. Methods Through multistage stratified sampling method， 808 elderly patients with hypertension in the community were investigated for their life quality and TCM constitutions on the basis of inform consent and voluntary participation. The life quality and TCM constitution characteristics as well as the relationship were analyzed by applying the statistic analysis software. Results Among the investigated elderly patients with hypertension in the community， 97.28% cases overall life quality was above the middle level and 91.46% cases self-evaluated health and quality of life scores were above the middle level. 54.70% cases were gentleness type， and the biased constitution was dominated by qi deficiency， yang asthenia， yin asthenia and phlegmatic hygrosis. The relationship between life quality and TCM constitutions may be existent. If TCM constitutions tended to be gentleness type， the physical score and the psychological score would be higher， which leaded to better quality of life. Conclusion TCM constitution characteristics are associated with quality life of elderly hypertension patients in the community. Intervention targeted on the results of TCM constitution identification would be better to prevent and control hypertension and improve health level and quality of life.

Key words： hypertension； life quality； TCM constitutions； canonical correlation analysis

高血压是社区最常见的慢性病之一，也是心脑血管疾病的重要危险因素，高血压患病率随年龄增长而升高，严重威胁着社区老年人的身心健康。中医体质与疾病具有相关性，体质状况决定发病与否以及发病的倾向性[1-2]，近年来中医体质学理论被不断应用于慢性病健康管理中。随着社会经济稳步发展，国民的健康观越来越注重生命的质量。……