一次性使用静脉留置针在新生儿气胸中的应用
2016-02-20肖飞
肖飞
【摘要】 目的 探讨一次性使用静脉留置针行胸腔穿刺、闭式引流治疗新生儿气胸的效果。方法 回顾性分析20例新生儿气胸患儿采用一次性使用静脉留置针行胸腔穿刺抽气、闭式引流治疗的效果、留置针留置时间为0~72 h。结果 20例全部治愈出院, 17例单纯一次抽气后症状消失, 2例抽气2次后症状消失, 1例抽气后给予闭式引流治疗。无一例感染病例发生。结论 采用一次性使用静脉留置针行胸腔穿刺治疗新生儿气胸, 操作简单易行、安全有效、损伤小、无瘢痕, 值得临床推广应用。
【关键词】 一次性使用静脉留置针;胸腔穿刺;新生儿气胸
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2016.05.203
Application of disposable venous indwelling needle in neonatal pneumothorax XIAO Fei. Pingmei Shenma Medical Group General Hospital, Pingdingshan 467000, China
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate effect by disposable venous indwelling needle in thoracocentesis and closed drainage in the treatment of neonatal pneumothorax. Methods Them A retrospective analysis was made on effects by disposable venous indwelling needle in thoracocentesis and closed drainage in 20 infants with neonatal pneumothorax. The indwelling needle was taken for 0~72 h. Results Among all the 20 cured and discharged cases, there were 17 cases with disappeared symptoms after 1 single extraction, 2 cases after 2 extraction, and 1 case received closed drainage after extraction. There was no case with infection. Conclusion Implement of disposable venous indwelling needle in treating neonatal pneumothorax is easily operated, safe, effective, small invasive, without scar. It is worth clinical promotion and application.
【Key words】 Disposable venous indwelling needle; Thoracocentesis; Neonatal pneumothorax
新生儿气胸[1]是新生儿气漏的一种, 任何原因引起肺泡过度充气, 肺泡腔压力增高或肺泡腔与间质间产生压力阶差及邻近组织压迫, 可导致肺泡壁破裂而产生气漏, 随着加压呼吸的广泛应用, 其发病率明显增加, 在住院新生儿中的发病率约为0.05%~2%, 已成为新生儿重症监护室的常见病, 发病急、进展快、病死率高, 若不及时恰当的处理, 可引起呼吸衰竭, 甚至危及生命。传统的胸腔穿刺是在局部麻醉的基础上在穿刺部位的皮肤上做一小切口, 采用胸腔穿刺针进行穿刺, 但由于新生儿胸廓小、肋间隙窄, 临床常用的胸穿针较粗、创伤大、并发症多, 对新生儿损伤较重, 且需胸外专科医生配合, 故而家长对此项检查有恐惧及排斥心理, 临床医生也因为一些新生儿穿刺后出现感染、出血、肺损伤、神经损伤、血胸、皮下气肿等而畏首畏尾[2]。……
