脑室内颅内压持续监测和阶梯式治疗重型颅脑外伤
2016-02-20梁才干莫泉林子同谭达安
梁才干 莫泉 林子同 谭达安

【摘要】 目的 探讨脑室内颅内压持续监测与阶梯式治疗重型颅脑外伤的临床效果。方法 重型颅脑外伤患者74例, 均进行Spiegelberg脑室探头置入颅内压监测术。根据患者颅内压情况给予相应的阶梯式治疗, 观察颅内压控制以及维持脑灌注压的效果。结果 本组74例患者中, 预后良好55.41%(41/74), 中残9.46%(7/74), 重残18.92%(14/74), 植物状态8.11%(6/74), 死亡8.11%(6/74)。结论 对重型颅脑外伤患者进行脑室内颅内压监测, 并配合阶梯式治疗, 能够有效控制颅内压, 维持脑灌注压, 对降低重型颅脑外伤患者的致残率及致死率均有着较高的临床意义。
【关键词】 脑室内颅内压持续监测;阶梯式治疗;重型颅脑外伤
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2016.05.003
Continuous monitoring of intracranial pressure and gradient treatment for severe craniocerebral trauma LIANG Cai-gan, MO Quan, LIN Zi-tong, et al. Department of Neurosurgery, Zhaoqing City Huaiji County Peoples Hospital, Zhaoqing 526400, China
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate clinical effect by continuous monitoring of intracranial pressure and gradient treatment for severe craniocerebral trauma. Methods A total of 74 patients with severe craniocerebral trauma received monitoring of intracranial pressure by Spiegelberg ventricular probe. Related gradient treatment was provided in accordance with intracranial pressure in patients. Effects of intracranial pressure controlling and cerebral perfusion pressure maintaining were observed. Results Among the 74 patients, 55.41% of them with good prognosis (41/74), 9.46% with moderate disability (7/74), 18.92% with severe disability (14/74), 8.11% with vegetative state (6/74), and 8.11% with death (6/74). Conclusion Implement of continuous monitoring of intracranial pressure and gradient treatment for severe craniocerebral trauma patients can effectively control intracranial pressure, and maintain cerebral perfusion pressure. This method contains important clinical significance in reducing disability rate and mortality rate in severe craniocerebral trauma patients.
【Key words】 Continuous monitoring of intracranial pressure; Gradient treatment; Severe craniocerebral trauma
目前研究表明, 由于颅脑外伤导致的脑受伤机制以及机体反应存在差异, 因此重型颅脑外伤患者的颅内压水平变化较大[1]。研究显示, 显著颅内压增高特别是顽固性颅内高压是造成颅脑外伤患者致残与致死的主要原因[2]。因此, 在患者入院后需要严格监测其颅内压变化情况, 降低颅内压水平, 维持适当的脑灌注压, 是临床治疗重型颅脑外伤患者最为重要的环节[3]。本院通过对重型颅脑外伤实施脑室内颅内压持续监测与阶梯式治疗, 取得了较好的临床效果, 现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1. 1 一般资料 本研究共纳入重型颅脑外伤患者74例, 均为本院2013年1月~2015年1月收治的病例。其中, 男51例, 女23例;年龄18~77岁, 平均年龄(44.3±10.9)岁;损伤原因:车祸伤52例, 坠落伤10例, 砸伤及打击伤7例, 跌伤5例;术前格拉斯哥昏迷评分(glasgow coma scale, GCS):3~5分32例, 6~8分42例;……
