健康教育在冠心病患者中的应用

2016-02-06梁春海长春市第二医院护理教研室吉林长春130062

中国卫生产业 2016年18期

梁春海长春市第二医院护理教研室，吉林长春　130062

健康教育在冠心病患者中的应用

梁春海
长春市第二医院护理教研室，吉林长春130062

该文首先对冠心病流行病学特点及诱发因素进行分析，然后对冠心病患者健康教育内容进行总结介绍。冠心病具有患病率及死亡率逐年升高、城市患病率高于农村、女性患病率高于男性、脑力劳动者高于体力劳动者及随年龄增加患病率增大等特点，诱导因素有疾病因素、饮食因素、生活习惯因素及遗传因素等其他因素。冠心病患者健康教育主要从相关知识教育、心理指导、饮食健康教育、用药指导、生活方式指导等方面进行。通过健康教育可提高冠心病患者疾病生活质量，治疗顺应性及疾病控制率等。

健康教育；冠心病；应用

［Abstract］Firstly the epidemiology features and inducing factors of coronary heart disease were analyzed and then the health education content of patients with coronary heart disease was summarized and introduced.That the prevalence rate and death rate were increasing year by year，the prevalence rate in city was higher than that in rural，the female prevalence rate was higher than that in male，the prevalence rate in brain workers was higher than that in manual workers，and the older the age，the bigger the prevalence rate were the characteristics of coronary heart disease，and the inducing factors were disease，diet，living habit and heredity，the health education for patients with coronary heart disease should be from the aspects of relevant knowledge education，mental guidance，diet health education，medication guidance and lifestyle guidance. The health education can improve the disease quality of life of patients with coronary heart disease，treatment compliance and disease control rate.

［Key words］Health education；Coronary heart disease；Application

冠状动脉性心脏病（coronary artery heart disease，CHD）简称冠心病，是一种最常见的心脏病，因其高发病率和高死亡率，有“人类的第一杀手”之称，严重威胁着人类的生命健康。健康教育对预防冠心病发生及降低冠心病死亡率有一定作用，美国疾病控制中心研究表明通过健康教育指导冠心病死亡率下降49%，与世界卫生组织得出的结论一致［1］。另外，还有研究表明健康教育可以提高患者的生活质量，防止疾病的发展及并发症的发生［2］。加强健康教育对于疾病的预防控制、治疗康复有重要意义。