闭式体外循环辅助下经右胸前外侧小切口微创心脏外科手术的临床总结
2016-01-30郭能瑞孙鹏飞张森赵卫茂郝海文
郭能瑞,孙鹏飞,张森,赵卫茂,郝海文
闭式体外循环辅助下经右胸前外侧小切口微创心脏外科手术的临床总结
郭能瑞,孙鹏飞,张森,赵卫茂,郝海文
目的:总结微创直视心脏外科手术(MIDCS)的近期临床效果。
方法: 2013-09至2015-05我院完成MIDCS 42例,其中男18例,女24例。房间隔缺损修补术16例,室间隔缺损修补术4例,二尖瓣置换术16例,二尖瓣成形术1例,主动脉瓣置换术5例。直视心脏外科手术方法为股动、静脉及右颈静脉插管行体外循环,双腔气管插管。做右胸前外侧切口3~5 cm,经肋间入胸腔,剪开心包,进入心腔完成手术。
结果: 42例患者全部手术成功,无围手术期及出院后近期死亡,无胸骨切口感染。体外循环时间98~142 min,平均(122.4±23.7)min;主动脉阻断时间0~118 min,平均(48.3±26.2)min。术后气管插管时间8~76 h,平均(17.4±13.1)h,监护时间45~124 h,平均(54.6±32.6)h;术后住院时间6~12 d,平均(8.2±1.3)d。患者切口长度3~7 cm,平均(4.8±1.5)cm;术后第1天引流量(356.9±283.8) ml,未输血患者27例(64.3%)。
结论: MIDCS近期效果好,手术安全性高,适用范围广;创伤小,并发症少,切口美观。
外科手术,微创性;小切口
Abstract
Objective: To summarize the short-term clinical experience of minimally invasive direct cardiac surgery (MIDCS) with right anterolateral thoracotomy incision by closed cardiopulmonary bypass.
Methods: A total of 42 patients received MIDCS in our hospital from 2013-09 to 2015-05 were summarized. There were 18 male and 24 female patients including 16 with atrial septal defect (ASD) repair, 4 with ventricular septal defect (VSD) repair, 16 with mitral valve replacement (MVR), 1 with mitral valve plasty (MVP) and 5 with aortic valve replacement (AVR). Direct cardiac surgery was performed by cardiopulmonary bypass through femoral artery-vein and right jugular vein annulations. A right anterolateral thoracotomy incision (length 3-5 cm) was made to enter the chest and complete the operation.
Results: All 42 patients received successful operation, no peri-operative or early post-operative death, no incision infection occurred. Cardiopulmonary bypass time was [98-142 (122.4 ± 23.7) min], aortic cross-clamp time [0-118 (48.3 ± 26.2) min]. Postoperative mechanical ventilation time was [8-76 (17.4±13.1) h], intensive care unit stay time [45-124, (54.6 ± 32.6) h], hospital stay time [6-12, (8.2 ± 1.3) d]. Incision length was [3-7, (4.8 ± 1.5) cm], the draining volume at the 1stpost-operative day was (356.9 ± 283.8) ml and there were 27 (64.3%) patients without transfusion.
Conclusion: The short-term outcomes for MIDCS were good, it with superior safety, broad application range with minimal invasion and less complication.
(Chinese Circulation Journal, 2016,31:888.)
目前传统的经胸骨正中切口手术治疗各种心脏病已经取得了非常好的临床效果,但手术创伤大,术后恢复慢;疼痛明显,对患者的心理产生不良影响;疤痕大,影响美观等。这些问题已经日益被医患双方所重视。微创心脏外科是近十几年来心脏外科快速发展的一个领域,其目的是减轻手术创伤,加快患者恢复,缩短住院时间,减少医疗费用。微创心脏外科手术主要包括微创直视心脏外科手术(MIDCS)、电视胸腔镜辅助下的心脏外科手术、机器人心脏外科手术、杂交手术等类型[1]。……
