菇渣复合基质对西瓜嫁接幼苗生长和早期产量的影响
2016-01-29林燚杨瑜斌王驰毛玲荣王文华
林燚 杨瑜斌 王驰 毛玲荣 王文华



摘 要: 为了替代草炭复合基质,降低育苗成本,配制了2个菇渣复合基质进行西瓜工厂化嫁接育苗试验。2个菇渣复合基质比草炭复合基质金色3号(CK)育苗的幼苗主根长度分别长0.9 cm和2.6 cm,根冠比增加0.058 9和0.174 1,植株高度降低0.8 cm和1.6 cm,茎高度降低0.7 cm和1.3 cm。菇渣复合基质育苗的幼苗素质和早期产量高于草炭复合基质金色3号(CK),可以作为西瓜工厂化嫁接育苗的基质。
关键词: 菇渣; 育苗; 幼苗素质; 早期产量
Effect of mashroom residue compound substrate on growth and yield of grafted watermelon
LIN Yi, YANG Yubin, WANG Chi, MAO Lingrong, WANG Wenhua
(Agriculture and Forest Bureau of Wenling, Wenling 317500, Zhejiang, China)
Abstract:In order to replace the peat substrates and reduce the cost of seedling cultivation,2 kinds of mashroom residue compound substrates were examined for the industrial culture of grafted watermelon seedlings. The main roots of grafted seedlings which were planted in two new mashroom residue compound substrates were 0.9 cm and 2.6 cm longer,the root cap rate were 0.058 9 and 0.174 1 bigger and the plant height were 0.8 cm and 1.6 cm lower than the control ones. The yield and quality in the two new substrates were higher than control,and they would be used in industrial seedling.
Key words: Mashroom residue; Culture of grafted seedlings; Seedling quality; Early yield
温岭市自推广西瓜工厂化嫁接育苗技术以来,各育苗户大都采用草炭复合基质作为育苗基质。草炭是一种优良的育苗基质,已被生产实践所证实。然而草炭是不可再生资源,储量有限,大量开采会造成生态环境毁灭性破坏[1]。近几年,温岭市食用菌产业发展较为迅速,成为台州市主要蘑菇生产基地,每年有大量的菇渣废料产出。菇渣废料经过处理,可以作为育苗基质[2]。为了减少废弃物对温岭市环境的影响,降低育苗成本[3],我们利用发酵后的菇渣形成复合基质用以育苗。本试验以嫁接西瓜为试材,研究菇渣复合基质对西瓜嫁接幼苗生长和早期产量的影响,为菇渣在西瓜工厂化嫁接育苗上的应用提供科学依据和技术指标。
1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料与处理
以‘早佳为接穗、‘神通力为嫁接砧木,试验于2015年在温岭市箬横镇国家西甜瓜产业技术体系西瓜育苗示范基地内采用设施栽培进行。采用口径8 cm的营养钵育苗,营养土装钵后,用50%多菌灵1 000倍液喷施。……
