姬奇武，韩汝旦，董宽虎，马雪豪

(山西农业大学动物科技学院，山西 太谷 030801)

山西不同居群白羊草的营养成分及瘤胃降解规律

姬奇武，韩汝旦，董宽虎*，马雪豪

(山西农业大学动物科技学院，山西 太谷 030801)

摘要：为研究山西不同居群白羊草抽穗期的营养成分含量及干物质(DM)和粗蛋白质(CP)在绵羊瘤胃中的降解规律，以安装永久性瘘管的杜泊与本地羊杂交一代肉用绵公羊15只为试验动物，采用尼龙袋法对不同居群白羊草抽穗期的DM和CP的降解率及降解参数进行测定。结果表明，居群对白羊草的常规营养成分含量有较大的影响。其中，太谷居群具有最高的粗蛋白质(CP)含量和最低的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量，其次是原平和沁源居群。不同居群白羊草的DM和CP的降解特性不同，其中，太谷和原平居群72 h的DM降解率最高，显著高于襄汾居群(P<0.05)，太谷居群的DM有效降解率最高，达到46.39%，其次是原平和沁源居群；太谷和原平居群72 h同样有最高的CP降解率，显著高于降解率最低的芮城居群(P<0.05)。太谷居群的CP有效降解率最高，其次是方山和阳高居群，三者差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见，太谷居群DM和CP降解率最高，优于其他居群。

关键词：白羊草；抽穗期；瘤胃降解；干物质；粗蛋白

Nutrient components and rumen degradability dynamics of differentBothriochloaischaemumpopulations in Shanxi

JI Qi-Wu， HAN Ru-Dan， DONG Kuan-Hu*, MA Xue-Hao

CollegeofAnimalScienceandVeterinaryMedicine，ShanxiAgriculturalUniversity，Taigu030801，China

Abstract:In order to investigate nutrient contents, and dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradation properties of different Bothriochloa ischaemum populations at heading stage in Shanxi, fifteen Dorper×local breed F1male mutton hybrid sheep fitted with permanent rumen fistulas were selected to estimate degradability of DM and CP in the rumen. Findings included: the B. ischaemum populations differed greatly in nutrient content at the heading stage. A population from Taigu had the highest CP content and the lowest neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents, followed by populations from Yuanping and Qinyuan. The rumen degradability for DM and CP of different B. ischaemum populations also differed. The DM degradability of Taigu and Yuanping populations was significantly higher than that of the Xiangfen population at 72 hours (P<0.05). The DM effective degradability of the Taigu population was highest, with a value of 46.39%, followed by Yuanping and Qinyuan populations. Similarly, the CP degradability of the Taigu and Yuanping populations was significantly higher than the Ruicheng population which had the lowest CP degradability at 72 hours (P<0.05). The CP effective degradability of the Taigu population was highest, followed by the Fangshan and Yanggao populations, while there was no significant difference among three other populations (P>0.05). In conclusion, the degradability of DM and CP of the Taigu B. ischaemum population, as tested in rumen fistulated sheep, was the highest, among the tested populations.

Key words:Bothriochloa ischaemum; heading stage; rumen degradability; dry matter; protein

白羊草(Bothriochloaischaemum)为禾本科孔颖草属，多年生草本植物，具有分蘖强、品质好、牛羊喜食等优点，属优质牧草[1]，在我国，白羊草主要分布在辽宁、河北、山西、山东、陕西、湖北、安徽等地，常作为优势种同其他牧草形成白羊草草地类型[2]。山西白羊草主要分布在恒山-雁门关-管涔山以南的低山丘陵和黄土高原地带，在山西的各市地区均有分布[3]，而且多以建群种成片出现，由此可见，白羊草草地是山西省的草地研究中不可缺少的一部分，培育适宜本土生长的白羊草品种对山西省的畜牧业的可持续发展具有深远的意义。……