杨红善，常根柱，周学辉

(中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所，甘肃 兰州 730050)

航天诱变航苜1号紫花苜蓿兰州品种比较试验

杨红善*，常根柱，周学辉

(中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所，甘肃 兰州 730050)

摘要：航天育种是近十几年来快速发展的农业高科技新领域，已经变成一种主要的诱变育种方法。本研究以航天搭载的紫花苜蓿种子为基础材料，选育出我国第一个航天诱变多叶型紫花苜蓿新品种“航苜1号”。为验证该品种的生产性能，在兰州进行生产性能的品种比较试验，试验结果表明：多叶性状使航苜1号叶量比对照增加5.72%；干草产量(14237.5 kg/hm2)比对照提高13.26%；第一茬和第二茬草开花初期粗蛋白质含量分别为20.08%和18.42%，分别高于对照2.97%和5.79%；18种必需氨基酸为12.32%，高于对照1.57%；微量元素明显优于对照品种。多叶率与其他各指标间的相关性分析表明，多叶率和草产量、粗蛋白、氨基酸总量呈显著正相关。由此可见，该品种具有多叶率高、产草量高和营养含量高的特性。

关键词：航天育种；紫花苜蓿；多叶性状；品比实验

Performance of Hangmu No.1 alfalfa in the Lanzhou region

YANG Hong-Shan*, CHANG Gen-Zhu, ZHOU Xue-Hui

LanzhouInstituteofHusbandryandPharmaceuticalSciencesofCAAS,Lanzhou730050,China

Abstract:Outer space mutation breeding has become an important characteristic of mutation breeding in china. The first variety of alfalfa bred by space mutation in China is ‘Hangmu No.1’.The characteristic of Hangmu No.1 alfalfa are high multifoliate rate, hay yield and nutrient content. To test the productive performance of Hangmu No.1, comparative testing was conducted in Lanzhou. The results indicates that Hangmu No.1 had significantly increased leaf mass, 5.72% higher than controls; Hay yield was 14237.5 kg/ha, 13.26% higher than the control varieties; crude protein content from the first and second harvest (anthesis stage) were 20.08% and 18.42% respectively, 2.97% and 5.79% higher than control varieties. Essential amino acids and trace element contents were also significantly higher than control varieties. Correlation analysis between multifoliate rate and others agronomic traits revealed that multifoliate rate was significantly positively correlated with hay yield, crude protein content, and amino acid content. This study indicates that the multifoliate trait can improve yield and nutritional value of alfalfa hay.

Key words:space mutation breeding; alfalfa (Medicago sativa); multifoliate; variety comparison trial

发达的草业是农业现代化的重要标志，紫花苜蓿(Medicagosativa)是世界上种植面积最大的牧草种类。就牧草品种而言，目前我国优质的牧草育成品种缺乏，选育具优质、丰产、抗逆性强的新品种迫在眉睫，牧草大多数为多年生、异花授粉植物，遗传背景复杂，传统的育种方法周期长，转基因育种经费高、难度大等问题[1]。将高科技的空间技术与常规农业育种相结合，形成航……