孟丽娟，赵桂琴

(甘肃农业大学草业学院，草业生态系统教育部重点实验室，中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心，甘肃 兰州 730070)

国外引进红三叶种质在甘肃中部地区的生长特性及生产性能初步评价

孟丽娟，赵桂琴*

(甘肃农业大学草业学院，草业生态系统教育部重点实验室，中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心，甘肃 兰州 730070)

摘要：为丰富我国红三叶种质资源，给红三叶品种选育提供优异材料，探讨国外引进资源在甘肃中部地区的综合表现，本文以来自俄罗斯、加拿大和美国的31份红三叶种质为供试材料，对其形态特征、农艺性状、生产性能等方面的14个指标进行了测定，发现其在生育期、株高、分枝数、叶面积、茎叶比、再生速度和干草产量等指标上差异非常显著。来源地对供试材料的形态特征和生产性能也有影响。个别种质材料在单一性状上表现优异，可直接应用于生产。通过主成分分析，选取方差累计贡献率达78.94%的前5个主成分对供试材料进行综合评价，结果表明，31份种质中，来自俄罗斯的ZXY2008P-4996综合得分最高，表现最优，其次是来自美国的Scarlett和Star fireⅡ；ZXY2008P-5419综合得分最低，适应性最差。依据主成分向量可将31份红三叶种质聚为4类。

关键词：红三叶；种质资源；主成分分析；聚类分析；适应性评价

Evaluation of the adaptability of imported red clover germplasm in central Gansu

MENG Li-Juan, ZHAO Gui-Qin*

CollegeofPrataculturalScience,GansuAgriculturalUniversity,KeyLaboratoryofGrasslandEcologySystem,MinistryofEducation,Sino-U.S.CentersforGrazingLandEcosystemSustainability,Lanzhou730070,China

Abstract:To enrich the red clover (Trifolium pratense) germplasm resource in China and provide superior materials for breeding, we conducted a comprehensive study on the performance of imported red clover germplasm in central Gansu. In total, 31 red clover accessions were evaluated, and 14 traits including morphological, agronomy, and productivity traits were measured. There were significant differences among accessions in growth period, plant height, branch number, leaf area, stem∶leaf ratio, regrowth speed, and hay yield. The source of the materials also affected morphological characteristics and productivity. A few accessions showed superior performance of a single trait and could be used directly to increase production. A principal component analysis of the 14 traits indicated that five traits with a 78.94% cumulative contribution rate could be used for comprehensive evaluation of the red clover germplasm. In terms of performance, ZXY2008P-4996 from Russia was the best, followed by Scarlett and Star fire II from the United States. The accession ZXY2008P-5419 had the lowest score and showed the poorest adaptability. The 31 red clover accessions were grouped into four clusters based on principal component indexes.

Key words:red clover (Triticum aestivum); germplasm resource; principal component analysis; cluster analysis; adaptability evaluation

红三叶(Trifoliumpratense)是豆科三叶草属多年生牧草，又名红车轴草、红花荷兰翘摇、金雀菜等[1]，是世界上主要的栽培草种之一[2-3]。红三叶蛋白质含量高、草质柔嫩多汁，适口性好，叶片不易脱落，可以青饲、青贮和调制青干草，与多年生禾本科牧草混播，不仅高产稳产，而且提高了饲草的营养价值，是欧洲和北美多年生草地不可缺少的豆科牧草之一[4-7]。……