基于静力分析的深水台筏养殖设施结构优化设计

张光发1，张斌2,魏文2,梁峻3

(1.大连海洋大学 航海与船舶工程学院，辽宁 大连 116023；2.大连海洋大学 海洋科技与环境学院，辽宁 大连 116023；3.獐子岛集团股份有限公司，辽宁 大连 116001)

摘要:基于静力分析方法对延绳式深水台筏养殖设施(简称台筏系统)的结构进行了优化设计。通过分析台筏系统的受力情况及其失效形式，建立了台筏系统抗风浪能力分析模型，基于该模型对台筏系统的结构参数、锚固方式、总体布置、总体结构形式及其对台筏系统的抗风浪能力的影响进行分析，并针对这些结构参数及其结构形式提出相应的优化设计方法和选取原则。利用上述静力分析模型和优化设计方法，对架设于獐子岛海域30 m水深的台筏养殖设施进行了分析计算和优化设计改造，并在相同海域进行了验证实验，通过对比，分析了优化设计方案的可行性及其优化效果。研究表明，通过优化设计改造的台筏系统抗风浪能力明显提高，且台筏系统的缠绕现象明显减少。本研究中提出的优化设计方法可为深水延绳式浮筏养殖设施的设计提供参考。

关键词:深水筏式养殖；结构优化设计；静力分析；抗风浪能力

DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-1388.2015.01.018

文章编号：2095-1388(2015)01-0096-06

中图分类号：S967.7

文献标志码：A

收稿日期：2014-05-24

基金项目：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD18B03)

作者简介：张光发(1970—)， 男， 副教授。E-mail:zhangguangfa@dlou.edu.cn

Abstract：The structure optimization design of deep water long-line rope rafts in aquaculture was established based on method of statics analysis. The stress state and failure model of deep water long-line rope rafts in aquaculture were evaluated to establish the statics analysis model for evaluating anti-wave ability of the aquaculture facility. The effect of main structure parameters, anchoring mode, and general layout of the aquaculture facility on its anti-wave ability was analyzed and discussed by the evaluating model. The optimization method and selection principle were proposed. The aquaculture facility erected in 30 m deepwater in Zhangzidao sea area was calculated and optimized designed and modified using the established statics analysis model and optimal design method. A comparative physical experiment was carried out to prove the optimization efficiency. The result showed that the anti-wave ability of remade aquaculture facility by optimization designing was improved markedly and the winding phenomenon was reduced. The findings provide a reference with the design of deep water long-line rope raft aquaculture facility.

筏式养殖技术源于日本，目前被广泛用于牡蛎、扇贝和大型藻类的养殖中。中国海带筏式养殖技术从20世纪50年代逐渐开始完善和成熟，至今已涉及藻类、贝类、棘皮类、蟹类等诸多品种，养殖规模不断扩大，并逐渐向外海海域拓展。……