第一作者魏继锋,男，博士，副教授，1977年生

端部起爆下空腔装药对离散杆驱动特性的影响研究

魏继锋，魏锦

(北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京100081)

摘要：研究端部起爆下不同空腔直径装药的爆轰输出特性及对杆条驱动特性的影响。采用非线性动力学软件LS-DYNA，运用流固耦合算法，对不同空腔直径装药下离散杆的爆轰驱动过程进行数值模拟，分析空腔直径大小对爆轰产物压力分布、离散杆速度与微元速度分布以及离散杆变形的影响。仿真结果表明，随着空腔直径的增大，空腔内稀疏效应逐渐增强，使得爆轰输出压力沿轴向趋同；杆条速度随空腔直径的增大非线性减小，杆条微元速度梯度逐渐减小；空腔直径越大，杆条平直度越好，而杆条平直度与杆条速度呈反向变化规律，因此离散杆的最优作用效果要综合权衡飞散速度与平直度。

关键词：爆炸力学；离散杆；空腔装药；驱动特性

基金项目：部级科研基金(04010103)

收稿日期：2014-06-09修改稿收到日期：2014-10-17

中图分类号:TJ410.2

文献标志码：A

DOI:10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2015.17.010

Abstract:By changing hollow diameter of cylindrical charge with one end initiation, its detonation output characteristics and influences on driving characteristics of a discrete rod were studied. Numerical simulations of discrete rods’ detonation driving processes were performed with the nonlinear dynamic analysis program LS-DYNA and the fluid-solid interaction method. The influences of different hollow diameters on pressure distribution of detonation products, velocity, micro-unit velocity distribution and effective length of discrete rod were analyzed. The simulation results showed that with increase in hollow diameter, gradually enhanced sparse effects make the pressure along the axial direction tend to the same; the resultant velocity of the discrete rod decreases nonlinearly with increase in hollow diameter and the micro-unit velocity gradient also decreases; the larger the hollow diameter, the better the flatness of the rod, while the flatness has a reverse variation to the velocity of the rod; so the optimal effect of the discrete rod should consider the balance between its velocity and flatness.

Effects of hollow cylindrical charge with one end initiation on driving characteristics of a discrete rod

WEIJi-feng,WEIJin(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

Key words:explosion mechanics; discrete rod; hollow cylindrical charge; driving characteristics

离散杆是一种常见的毁伤元形式，除了质量及加载速度外，完整性与平直度也是衡量其是否具有良好杀伤效果的重要指标。杆条受驱运动是典型的爆轰加载驱动问题，受力不均会使杆条内应力超过材料的屈服极限，产生弯曲变形，严重时发生断裂，而爆轰波结构则是杆条获得理想驱动的内因，据此开展深入研究具有重要的学术价值和研究意义。

为了调节爆轰波结构、改善离散杆的驱动特性，开展了隔板、空腔、起爆方式等调整爆轰波形结构的研究工作。……