四种杀菌剂对鲜切香菇贮藏特性的影响
2016-01-12陈学玲朱霞关健梅新施建斌蔡沙何建军
陈学玲 朱霞 关健 梅新 施建斌 蔡沙 何建军
摘要:为提高鲜切香菇[Lentinus edodes (Berk.)sing]品质,研究了次氯酸钠、二氧化氯、过氧化氢、乙醇等4种杀菌剂对鲜切香菇贮藏期间品质的影响,系统分析了贮藏期鲜切香菇的菌落总数、白度、呼吸强度、失重率等变化规律。结果表明,4种杀菌剂对鲜切香菇均有抑菌效果,以150 mg/L NaClO抑菌效果最佳;ClO2、低浓度NaClO和H2O2可抑制鲜切香菇发生褐变;50、100 mg/L NaClO均能降低鲜切香菇呼吸强度;4种杀菌剂对鲜切香菇失重均有较明显的抑制效果,以200 mg/L NaClO最佳。综合考虑,NaClO宜作为鲜切香菇的杀菌剂。
关键词:香菇[Lentinus edodes (Berk.)sing];杀菌剂;贮藏特性
中图分类号:S646.1+2;TS255.3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2015)24-6346-06
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.24.065
Abstract:In order to improve the qualities of fresh-cut mushrooms, the effects of 4 disinfectants on the storage properties of fresh-cut mushrooms were studied by measuring total plate count, whiteness,the respiration rate and weight loss rate. The results indicated that: 4 disinfectants could inhibit bacteria, 150 mg/L NaClO was the better; ClO2,low concentration of NaClO and H2O2 could declined the browning degree; 50mg/L and 100 mg/L NaClO could reduce the respiration intensity; 4 disinfectants could significantly inhibit weight loss, especially 200 mg/L NaClO. Through overall consideration, NaClO was considered as an optimal disinfectant for fresh-cut mushrooms.
Key words:fresh-cut mushrooms[Lentinus edodes (Berk.)sing]; disinfectants; storage properties
香菇[Lentinus edodes (Berk.)sing]又称香覃、香菌等,是中国传统的食用菌,因其营养丰富,味道鲜美,被视为“菇中之王”,是高蛋白质、低脂肪的营养保健食品。鲜切果蔬也称最少加工果蔬、半加工果蔬、轻度加工果蔬、调理果蔬等,它是指新鲜水果、蔬菜原料经分级、清洗、整修、去皮、切分、保鲜、包装等一系列处理后,改变了蔬菜、水果的物理形状,但仍然保持新鲜状态的果蔬制品,可供消费者立即食用或餐饮业使用的一种新型果蔬加工产品[1,2]。鲜切蔬菜由于具有方便快捷、品质新鲜、营养丰富、清洁卫生等优点,越来越受到现代人的青睐。然而鲜切蔬菜在加工过程中通常会受到切割伤害,失去原有的外层保护组织和具有防止水分蒸腾作用的组织,会诱发一系列生理、生化反应,再加上微生物的侵害,不利于鲜切蔬菜品质的保持[3,4]。通常使用物理、化学方法来控制鲜切蔬菜的品质。……
