张鹤山　郑岑　李翔宏　郭安国　邢旗　刘洋　田宏

摘要：采用地面调查和遥感监测相结合的方法，对麻城草地资源和草地类型开展研究。结果表明，麻城常见草地植物有157种，分属38科109属，其中牧草类植物112种；按照“中国草地类型划分标准及中国草地类型分类系统”划分标准，麻城草地类型分为6类52型。麻城草地植物具有良好的营养价值、适口性和采食率，并且生物产量高，属优等或良等草地。草地植被整体保护较好，局部出现退化现象，草场利用不均衡，过牧和轻牧同时存在。

关键词：麻城市；草地资源；现状；评价

中图分类号：S812.8 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2015）24-6312-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.24.056

Abstract：Investigation on grassland resources and grassland sortr were carried in Macheng situation by filed surveying and remote sensing monitoring. The results indicated that there were 157 species from 109 genera of 38 families. Among the plants， 112 species were forage grass. According to“Chinese Grassland Divisional Criteria and Chinese Grassland Classification System”， it was clear that the grassland in Macheng country included 52 types in 6 classes. The forage plants from grassland in Macheng had high nutritive value， good palatability and more biological yield. The most of grassland in Macheng country was preserved well but patical area was degenerated severely. Moreover， because the grassland resources were utilized unreasonably， there are overgrazing grassland and light-grazing grassland.

Key words：Macheng country；grassland resources；situation；evaluation

草地资源是可更新的农业自然资源，被广泛用于畜牧业生产经营[1]。我国南方地区雨热丰沛且同季，适合营养体农业生产，蕴藏着发展草地畜牧业的巨大潜力[2-4]。麻城草地作为我国南方地区草地资源的组成部分，是当地发展草食畜牧业的物质基础和保障。20世纪80年代，湖北省开展草地资源普查，对麻城草地资源的开发利用起了重要的指导作用，但距今已有30余年，并且长期受自然条件和人为因素的影响，草地状况已经发生变化。近年来，麻城草地开发速度加快，许多草山草坡被用来饲养牛羊，草地地块出现过牧或退化现象，草地生产能力下降，致使草地生态系统结构改变、稳定性下降、生态服务功能降低、资源的可持续利用受到威胁[5，6]。为此，开展麻城草地资源现状和生产状况调查研究，了解草地基本状况，以期获得草地资源开发利用的基础信息和科学依据，对指导当地草地畜牧业的可持续发展、维护草地生态系统的健康平衡具有重要意义。……