朱安义 史子敏 林双泉 洪正东 江伟凡 程城

[摘要] 目的 探讨老年膀胱结石患者结石成分的特点，为临床防治提供依据。 方法 对我院 2012 年 11 月～2014 年11月期间收治的88例老年膀胱结石患者进行研究，所有患者均采用 LIIR 型结石红外光谱自动分析仪压片法进行结石成分分析，同时收集相关临床资料。 结果 男性膀胱结石化学成分比率明显高于女性（P<0.05）；男性发病68例，50～59岁20例，60～69岁28例，70～79岁12例，80～88岁8例；女性20例，50～59岁4例，60～69岁9例，70～79岁4例，80～88岁3例。年龄高峰在60～70岁，且男性发病率明显高于女性（P<0.05）。 结论 老年膀胱结石主要好发于男性，结石成分以含钙离子的结石及尿酸结石为主。

[关键词] 膀胱结石；结石成分；红外光谱自动分析仪

[中图分类号] R697.3 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2015）34-0049-03

Calculus composition analysis of 88 cases of elderly patients with cystic calculus

ZHU Anyi SHI Zimin LIN Shuangquan HONG Zhengdong JIANG Weifan CHENG Cheng

Department of Urology， the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University， Nanchang 330006， China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the characteristics of calculus composition in elderly patients with cystic calculus and to provide the basis for clinical prevention. Methods The study was conducted on 88 cases of elderly patients with cystic calculus admitted in our hospital from November 2012 to November 2014， and calculus compositions of all patients were analyzed by LIIR type infrared spectroscopy automatic analyzer， and clinical data were collected at the same time. Results The chemical composition ratio of male bladder stones was significantly higher than that of female （P<0.05）. There were 68 cases of male patients， with 20 cases aging from 50 to 59 years old， 28 cases aging from 60 to 69 years old， 12 cases aging from 70 to 79 years old， and 8 cases aging from 80 to 88 years old. There were 20 cases of female patients， with 4 cases aging from 50 to 59 years old， 9 cases aging from 60 to 69 years old， 4 cases aging from 70 to 79 years old， and 3 cases aging from 80 to 88 years old. The peak age of cystic calculus patients was from 60 to 70 years old， and the incidence of cystic calculus in the male was higher than that in the female（P<0.05）. Conclusion Elderly cystic calculus mainly occurs in men， and calculus compositions are mainly calculus with calcium ions and uric acid calculus.

[Key words] Cystic calculus； Calculus composition； Infrared spectroscopy automatic analyzer

膀胱结石是泌尿系常见病及多发病，导致该病发生的原因较多，其中营养不良、膀胱异物、尿路梗阻、感染等都可能导致膀胱结石发生。该病多伴有疼痛、血尿等症状，对患者健康的威胁性较大。本文回顾性分析 2012 年 11 月～2014 年 11 月本院收治的88例老年膀胱结石患者，分析其膀胱结石成分以及相关的危险因素，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

本院2012年11月～2014年11月收治的88例老年膀胱结石患者，其中男68例，女20例，患者年龄最小50岁，最大88岁，男性平均年龄（65.3±8.5）岁，女性平均年龄（62.9±9.3）岁，既往有上尿路结石病史31例，合并前列腺增生48例，合并肉眼血尿、尿路感染7例，神经源性膀胱2例，结石标本均来自钬光碎石、气压弹道碎石、前列腺电切术中小结石冲洗等；单个结石最大者约6 cm×4 cm×3 cm，多为黄色、褐色、灰白色，少数呈黑褐色，形状多为椭圆形、圆形、三角形。

1.2 纳入、排除标准

1.2.1 纳入标准 ①本组所有患者均经临床表现、超声检查、螺旋CT及碎石治疗证实为膀胱结石；②所有患者均伴有不同程度的排尿困难、血尿、尿痛、排尿刺激等症状；……