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鼻咽通气道在肥胖患者子宫颈环形电切术中的应用

2016-01-09肖兆妍宋娟史长喜孙运乾刘向荣茆庆洪

中国现代医生 2015年34期

肖兆妍 宋娟 史长喜 孙运乾 刘向荣 茆庆洪

[摘要] 目的 评价鼻咽通气道在肥胖患者子宫颈环形电切(loop electrosurgical excision procedure,LEEP)术中应用的可行性及有效性。 方法 选择2012年10月~2015年9月在我院行LEEP术的肥胖患者40例,随机分为两组,每组20例。A组(对照组)采用在静脉麻醉过程中采用普通鼻导管通气,B组(实验组)采用鼻咽通气道供氧。两组患者均采用丙泊酚与芬太尼静脉复合全身麻醉。记录患者麻醉诱导前(T0)、诱导后即刻(T1)、扩宫时(T2)、宫颈锥形切除时(T3)、手术结束时(T4)的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)及脉搏氧饱和度(SpO2);比较两组患者的手术时间、清醒时间、上呼吸道梗阻情况及患者满意度。 结果 两组患者的手术时间、苏醒时间、丙泊酚用量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者在麻醉诱导后MAP、HR及SpO2均出现不同程度下降,部分时点差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),B组与A组相比,呼吸抑制及上呼吸道梗阻的发生率明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 鼻咽通气道供氧能明显降低肥胖患者在子宫颈环形电切术中呼吸抑制的发生率,提高了麻醉的安全性。

[关键词] 鼻咽通气道;肥胖;静脉麻醉;子宫颈环形电切术

[中图分类号] R713 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701(2015)34-0018-03

Application of nasopharyngeal airway in the obese patients undergoing loop electrosurgical excision procedure

XIAO Zhaoyan SONG Juan SHI Changxi SUN Yunqian LIU Xiangrong MAO Qinghong

Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chisnese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China

[Abstract] Objective To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of nasopharygeal airway in the obese patients undergoing loop electrosurgical excision procedure(LEEP). Methods Forty obese patients scheduled for LEEP from Oct 2012 to Sep 2015 were equally randomized into two groups with 20 patinets in each group(n=20), Group A(control group) with nasal catheter and group B(experimental group) with nasopharyngeal airway during the process of the anethesia. All subjects accepted total intravenous anesthesia with fentanyl combined with propofol. The mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded before anesthesia induction(T0), after anesthesia induction (T1), dilation of cervic(T2), cone excision of cervical (T3) and the end of the surgery(T4). The required dosage of propofol, surgical time, awakening time, the incidence of hypoxemia, upper respiratory tract obstruction and the satisfaction of the patients were calculated. Results There were no significant difference in surgical time, recovery time and the required dosage of propofol(P>0.05). MAP, HR, and SpO2 in groups of A and B were lower during operation than those at T0 (P<0.05). Compared to group A, the incidence of respiratory depression and upper airway obstruction were decreased(P<0.05). Conclusion Nasopharygeal airway can reduce the incidence of hypoxemia in obese patients, and increase the safety of anethesia.

[Key words] Nasopharygeal airway; Obesity; Intravenous anesthsia; Loop electrosurgical excision procedure(LEEP)

宫颈病变多发生于育龄期女性,近年来患者趋于年轻化。子宫颈环形电切(loop electrosurgical excision procedure,LEEP)术操作简单、恢复快,可获得不影响病理检查[1,2]的完好组织标本,不仅可用于诊断宫颈病变,而且可以治疗宫颈癌前病变,目前已经成为妇科一种常见的微创手术[3]。子宫颈环形电切术通常采用静脉全身麻醉,常用的方法为丙泊酚复合芬太尼静脉注射。虽然无痛技术使患者在手术过程中舒适、无痛苦回忆,但肥胖患者因呼吸、循环系统一系列生理和病理改变使麻醉风险大大增加[4]。因此,如何维持肥胖患者行LEEP术时呼吸道的通畅是所有麻醉医生需要面对的关键问题。本文……

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