06Cr18Ni11Ti(SUS321)不锈钢扩管开裂原因分析
2016-01-09施黎明,吕海当,马正伟等
06Cr18Ni11Ti (SUS321)不锈钢扩管开裂原因分析
施黎明吕海当马正伟胡梅青姜美雪
(青山钢铁瑞浦科技集团有限公司特钢研究院,浙江323900)
摘要:利用宏观分析、光谱成分分析、金相分析对内壁出现裂纹的06Cr18Ni11Ti不锈钢荒管进行了全面的分析。分析结果表明:扩管过程的开裂属于普遍开裂,材料的化学成分符合标准要求,裂纹两侧有少量TiN夹杂物,裂纹尾端呈沿晶趋势,奥氏体晶界有少许碳化物存在。因此推断退火效果不好导致晶界弱化,加之TiN夹杂物的应力集中,扩管张力的作用超过了材料的断裂强度时就发生了开裂。
关键词:06Cr18Ni11Ti;不锈钢管;开裂
中图分类号:TG115.21文献标志码:B
收稿日期:2015—04—28
Crack Cause Analysis on 06Cr18Ni11Ti (SUS321)
Stainless Steel Pipe Expanding
Shi Liming, Lv Haidang, Ma Zhengwei, Hu Meiqing, Jiang Meixue
Abstract:06Cr18Ni11Ti stainless steel pierced billet with inner cracks has been analyzed completely by means of macro analysis, spectrum composition analysis and metallurgical analysis. The result showed that cracks from pipe expanding process belonged to general crack, chemical composition of material conformed to standard requirement, TiN inclusion existed on both sides of crack, crack end tended to along grain change, and a few carbides existed in austenite grain boundary. Therefore it concluded that unsound annealing effect resulted in grain boundary weakening, stress concentration of TiN inclusion and pipe expanding tension action above material fracture strength have been taken place, all of the issues resulted in pipe expanding crack.
Key words:06Cr18Ni11Ti; stainless steel pipe; crack
在各类不锈钢中,钛稳定化不锈钢具有优越的抗腐蚀性能。钛稳定化奥氏体不锈钢(AISI321)主要用于高温抗氢环境,如化工、航天等领域。06Cr18Ni11Ti不锈钢无缝钢管(GB 3087—1999)是用于制造各种结构低中压锅炉过热蒸汽管、沸水管及机车锅炉用过热蒸汽管、大烟管、小烟管和拱砖管专用的优质碳素结构钢热轧和冷拔无缝钢管。这些锅炉管道经常处于高温和高压下工作,管子在高温烟气和水蒸气的作用下还会发生氧化和腐蚀,因此要求钢管有高的持久强度、高的抗氧化性能,并具有良好的组织稳定性。
06Cr18Ni11Ti不锈钢棒材穿管后,进行一次扩管,经过退火后,再次扩管,酸洗后发现有开裂现象,现对开裂原因进行分析。
1试验方法
观察荒管开裂的形貌,从头部往管身延伸一定长度截开荒管观察内壁开裂情况。在荒管上取试样,磨平后使用SPECTROLAB M10型光电直读光谱仪检测其化学成分。……
