电气石对溶液中Sr2+的吸附行为研究
2016-01-08张伟董发勤
张伟 董发勤



摘要:采用静态吸附法研究电气石对水溶液中Sr2+的吸附行为,考察溶液初始pH、电气石投加量、吸附时间和Sr2+初始浓度对吸附的影响,并分析吸附过程中反应动力学和等温吸附规律。结果表明,电气石能够有效去除水体中的Sr2+,最大吸附容量为2.87 mg/g。电气石粉体对Sr2+的吸附平衡时间为40 min、吸附剂投加量增大、溶液pH 8.5时有利于Sr2+的去除;电气石对Sr2+的吸附动力学行为可用准二级动力学模型来描述,吸附过程存在化学作用且步骤可控;吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附模型。电气石对Sr2+的吸附既存在物理吸附,又存在化学吸附。
关键词:电气石;Sr2+;吸附;动力学模型;等温吸附模型
中图分类号:S181.3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2015)23-6018-05
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.057
Characteristics of Sr2+ Adsorption by Tourmaline
ZHANG Weia, DONG Fa-qinb
(Southwest University of Science and Technology, a.Analytical and Testing Center;
b. Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and the Resource Recycle (Ministry of Education), Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China)
Abstract: The adsorption characteristics of Sr2+ on tourmaline were investigated by conducting a series of batch adsorption experiments in the study. The influence of solution pH,adsorbent dosage,initial Sr2+ concentration and contact time were investigated,kinetics and adsorption isotherm law were analyzed. The results showed that Sr2+ removal rate increased with the increase of adsorbent dosage,and the highest adsorption reached at pH 8.5 and contact time was 40 min. The adsorption process fits pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm equation,and the maximum adsorption capacity for Sr2+ was 2.87 mg/g. Speculation for the behavior of Sr2+ adsorption by tourmaline was both physical adsorption and chemical adsorption.
Key words:tourmaline;Sr2+;adsorption;kinetics model;isotherm equation
核技术开发利用给人类带来巨大经济效益和社会效益的同时,也产生了放射性废弃物。由其造成的全球性沉降污染中危害最大的核素是锶,它能通过空气和食物对人体产生内照射(β射线)、半衰期较长(90Sr的半衰期是28年),且产生量非常大。据不完全统计,1970年以前全世界大气层核试验进入平流层的锶达1550万居里,其中1500万居里已沉降到地面并随雨水进入土壤[1]。因此,必须妥善处理放射性废弃物。
针对被放射性核素污染水体的处理方面,国内外主要采用化学沉淀法、离子交换法、膜分离法、蒸发和电化学处理等[2-6]。但这些方法在处理中存在能耗及成本高、工艺复杂、易造成二次污染等问题,吸附法便成为非常有效的方法。
电气石(Tourmaline)是一种良好的生态智能和功能材料。……
